<ref name="Pilgrim_et_al_2008">{{cite journal |first1=E. M. |last1=Pilgrim |first2=C. D. |last2=von Dohlen |first3=J. P. |last3=Pitts |year=2008 |title=Molecular phylogenetics of Vespoidea indicate paraphyly of the superfamily and novel relationships of its component families and subfamilies |url=https://antcat.org/documents/4608/Pilgrim_et_al_2008_Zool_Scripta.pdf |journal=Zoologica Scripta |publisher= |volume=37 |issue= |pages=539–560 |doi= }}</ref>