<ref name="Ward_&_Downie_2005">{{cite journal |first1=P. S. |last1=Ward |first2=D. A. |last2=Downie |year=2005 |title=The ant subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): phylogeny and evolution of big-eyed arboreal ants |url=https://antcat.org/documents/4098/20435.pdf |journal=Systematic Entomology |publisher= |volume=30 |issue= |pages=310–335 |doi= }}</ref>