<ref name="Monnin_&_Peeters_1999">{{cite journal |first1=T. |last1=Monnin |first2=C. |last2=Peeters |year=1999 |title=Dominance hierarchy and reproductive conflicts among subordinates in a monogynous queenless ant |url=https://antcat.org/documents/8465/100323.pdf |journal=Behavioral Ecology |publisher= |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=323–332 |doi=https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/10.3.323 }}</ref>