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Peeters, C.; Wiwatwitaya, D. 2014. Philidris ants living inside Dischidia epiphytes from Thailand. Asian Myrmecology 6:49-61. PDF

Penev, S.; Ronchetti, G. 1965. Ricerche sulla distribuzione delle formiche del gruppo Formica rufa nella Bulgaria nord-orientale. Collana Verde 16:305-311.

Peng, J.; Liu, Y. (eds.) 1992. Iconography of forest insects in Hunan, China. Hunan: Hunan Scientific and Technical Publishing House, 1473 pp.

Penick, C.A.; Ebie, J.; Moore, D. 2014. A non-destructive method for identifying the sex of ant larvae. Insectes Sociaux 61:51-55. 10.1007/s00010-013-0323-5 PDF

Notes: Larva genital imaginal discs

Penzig, O. 1895 ("1894"). Note di biologie vegetale. I. Sopra una nuova pianta formicaria d'Africa (Stereospermum dentatum Rich.). Malpighia 8:466-471. PDF

Peregrine, D. J.; Mudd, A.; Cherrett, J. M. 1974 ("1973"). Anatomy and preliminary chemical analysis of the post-pharyngeal glands of the leaf-cutting ant, Acromyrmex octospinosus (Reich) (Hym., Formicidae). Insectes Sociaux 20:355-363.

Perejón Rincon, A. et al. (eds.) 1996. Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Tomo extraordinario publicado con motivo del 125 aniversario de su fundación. Madrid: Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 572 pp.

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Pérez-Gonzáles, S.; Gómez-Durán, J. M.; Martínez-Ibáñez, M. D. 2020. Highlighting the elusive: new findings and a redescription of the rare ant Leptanilla plutonia López, Martínez Et Barandica, 1994, presenting morphological novelties for the genus. Annales Zoologici (Warsaw) 70:289-304. 10.3161/00034541ANZ2020.70.2.009 PDF

Pérez-Pedraza, L. F.; Fernández, F. 2019. Género Strumigenys. Capítulo 32. Pp. 1069-1088 in: Fernández, F.; Guerrero, R. J.; Delsinne, T. (eds.) 2019d. Hormigas de Colombia. Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 1198 pp. PDF

Pérez, C. 1902. Contribution a l'étude des métamorphoses. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 37:195-427.

Notes: Formica rufa development

Perfecto, I.; Snelling, R. R. 1995. Biodiversity and the transformation of a tropical agroecosystem: ants in coffee plantations. Ecological Applications 5:1084-1097.

Perfecto, I.; Vandermeer, J. 1994. Understanding biodiversity loss in agroecosystems: reduction of ant diversity resulting from transformation of the coffee ecosystem in Costa Rica. Entomology (Trends in Agricultural Science) 2:7-13.

Perfecto, I.; Vandermeer, J. 1996. Microclimate changes and the indirect loss of ant diversity in a tropical agroecosystem. Oecologia (Berlin) 108:577-582.

Perfilieva, K. S. 2002. Wing venation in army ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmeciinae) and its importance for phylogeny. [In Russian.]. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 81(10):1239-1250. PDF

Perfilieva, K. S. 2010. Trends in evolution of ant wing venation (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Entomological Review 90:965-977. PDF

Perfilieva, K. S. 2011. New data on the wing morphology of the Cretaceous Sphecomyrminae ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Paleontological Journal 45 (3):275-283. 10.1134/S0031030111030117 PDF

Perfilieva, K. S. 2021. Distribution and differentiation of fossil Oecophylla (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species by wings imprints. Paleontological Journal 55:76-89. 10.1134/S003103012101010X PDF

Perfilieva, K. S. 2022. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from localities of the Russian Far East (Amgu, Velikaya Kema). Paleontological Journal 56:412-425. 10.1134/S0031030122040086 PDF

Perfilieva, K. S. 2023. Cretaceous-Burmese-amber ants: morphological features and community structure. Biology Bulletin Reviews 13 (1):38-54. 10.1134/S207908642301005X PDF

Notes: Original Russian text in Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii, 2022, Vol. 83, No. 3

Perfilieva, K. S.; Dubovikoff, D. A.; Dlussky, G. M. 2017. Miocene ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Crimea. Paleontological Journal 51 (4):391-401. 10.1134/S0031030117040098 PDF

Perfilieva, K. S.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. 2015. Emplastus biamoensis nom. n., a replacement name for ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Bol’shaya Svetlovodnaya (Late Eocene of Sikhote-Alin, Russian Far East). Caucasian Entomological Bulletin 11:405-406. PDF

Pergande, T. 1893. On a collection of Formicidae from Lower California and Sonora, Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (2)4:26-36. PDF

Notes: Pagebase date 19 September 1893 but article said to be "in press" in annual report for 1893 presented at the Academy meeting of 2 January 1894. Paper read by title at the Academy meeting of 6 November 1893. Whole volume issued 28 September 1894.

Pergande, T. 1894. Formicidae of Lower California, Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (2)4:161-165. PDF

Notes: Article is likely to have been published shortly after the pagebase date of 17 May 1894. Whole volume issued 28 September 1894.

Pergande, T. 1896. Mexican Formicidae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (2)5:858-896. PDF

Notes: Pagebase date is 30 December 1895. Publication is likely to have occurred within a week or two of this date. Whole volume issued 18 January 1896.

Pergande, T. 1900. Papers from the Harriman Alaska expedition. XVII. Entomological results (11): Formicidae. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 2:519-521. PDF

Perkins, R. C. L. 1891. Male and worker characters combined in the same individual of Stenamma westwoodi. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 27:123-124. PDF