Rafinesque, C. S. 1815. Analyse de la nature, ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. Palermo: J. Barravecchia, 224 pp. PDF

Notes: Ants p. 124.

Ragonot, E. L. 1887. Diagnoses of North American Phycitidae and Galleridae. Paris: privately published, 20 pp.

Rahman, M. M.; Hosoishi, S.; Ogata, K. 2021. Phylogenetic study and divergence of weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius in Bangladesh (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics 7 (3):57-66. 10.11648/j.ajbes.20210703.11 PDF

Raignier, A. 1938. Le caractère primitif de l'instinct esclavagiste chez les Formicines (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). Archives Néerlandaises de Zoologie 3(suppl.):167-182.

Raignier, A.; Boven, J. K. A. 1949. La première colonie belge de la fourmi amazone (Polyergus rufescens Latreille) et description de trois ergatandromorphes nouveaux de cette espèce (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 25(4):1-11.

Raignier, A.; Boven, J. K. A. 1953 ("1952"). Quelques aspects nouveaux de la taxonomie et de la biologie des doryles africains (Hyménoptères, Formicidae). Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie et Biologie Animale (11)14:397-403.

Raignier, A.; Boven, J. K. A. 1955. Étude taxonomique, biologique et biométrique des Dorylus du sous-genre Anomma (Hymenoptera Formicidae). Annales du Musée Royal du Congo Belge. Nouvelle Série in Quarto. Sciences Zoologiques 2:1-359.

Raignier, A.; Boven, J. K. A. 1974. Der Polymorphismus der afrikanischen Wanderameisen unter biometrischen und biologischen Gesichtspunkten. Pp. 668-693 in: Schmidt, G. H. (ed.) 1974. Sozialpolymorphismus bei Insekten. Probleme der Kastenbildung im Tierreich. Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, xxiv + 974 pp.

Rajakumar, R.; Mauro, D. S.; Dijkstra, M. B.; Huang, M. H.; Wheeler, D. E.; Hiou-Tim, F.; Khila, A.; Cournoyea, M.; Abouheif, E. 2012. Ancestral developmental potential facilitates parallel evolution in ants. Science (Washington, D. C.) 335:79-82. PDF

Rajan, P. D.; Zacharias, M.; Mustak Ali, T. M. 2006. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Pp. 153-188 in: Director; Zoological Survey of India (ed.) 2006. Fauna of Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (Karnataka). [Conservation Area Series, 27.]. Kolkata: Zoological Survey of India, iv + 263 pp.

Rajmohana, K.; Sudheer, K.; Girish Kumar, P.; Santhosh, S. (eds.) 2004. Perspectives on biosystematics and biodiversity. Prof. T.C. Narendran commemoration volume. Kerala: Systematic Entomology Research Scholars Association, xxii + 666 pp.

Rakotonirina, J. C.; Csősz, S.; Fisher, B. L. 2016. Revision of the Malagasy Camponotus edmondi species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Formicinae): integrating qualitative morphology and multivariate morphometric analysis. ZooKeys 572:81-154. 10.3897/zookeys.572.7177 PDF

Rakotonirina, J. C.; Csősz, S.; Fisher, B. L. 2017. Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Camponotus grandidieri and niveosetosus species groups (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology. Zootaxa 4238 (2):203-245. 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.2.2 PDF

Rakotonirina, J. C.; Fisher, B. L. 2013a. Revision of the Pachycondyla wasmannii-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Malagasy region. Zootaxa 3609:101-141. PDF

Rakotonirina, J. C.; Fisher, B. L. 2013b. Revision of the Pachycondyla sikorae species-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar. Zootaxa 3683:447-485. PDF

Rakotonirina, J. C.; Fisher, B. L. 2014. Revision of the Malagasy ponerine ants of the genus Leptogenys Roger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 3836 (1):1-163. PDF

Rakotonirina, J. C.; Fisher, B. L. 2018. Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Camponotus subgenus Mayria Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology. Zootaxa 4438:1-58. 10.11646/zootaxa.4438.1.1 PDF

Rakotonirina, J. C.; Fisher, B. L. 2022. Revision of the Malagasy Camponotus subgenus Myrmosaga (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology. ZooKeys 1098:1-180. 10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223 PDF

Ramage, T. 2014. Les fourmis de Polynésie française (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 119 (2):145-176. PDF

Ramage, T. 2019. [New species Leptogenys loarelae attributed to T. Ramage]. Pp. 4-6 in: Ramage, T.; Jouault, C.; Schmidt, A. R.; Seyfullah, L. J.; Perrichot, V. 2019. Two new ant species (Formicidae: Dorylinae, Ponerinae) from New Caledonia. European Journal of Taxonomy 589:1-14. 10.5852/ejt.2019.589 PDF

Ramage, T.; Jouault, C.; Schmidt, A. R.; Seyfullah, L. J.; Perrichot, V. 2019. Two new ant species (Formicidae: Dorylinae, Ponerinae) from New Caledonia. European Journal of Taxonomy 589:1-14. 10.5852/ejt.2019.589 PDF

Ramamonjisoa, M. M.; Rasoamanana, N.; Fisher, B. L. 2023. Description of the male of Erromyrma Bolton & Fisher, 2016 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 1163:61-77. [online early] 10.3897/zookeys.1163.95696 PDF

Ramamonjisoa, M. M.; Rasoamanana, N.; Fisher, B. L. 2024. Male-based key to the subfamilies and genera of Malagasy ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 1213:289-359. [online early] 10.3897/zookeys.1213.120531 PDF

Ramdas Menon, M. G.; Punjabi, G. M. 1961 ("1960"). Some observations and new records of ants from Delhi. Indian Journal of Entomology 22:133-135.

Ramirez-Esquivel, F.; Leitner, N. E.; Zeil, J.; Narendra, A. 2017. The sensory arrays of the ant, Temnothorax rugatulus. Arthropod Structure and Development 46:552-563. 10.1016/j.asd.2017.03.005 PDF

Ramirez-Esquivel, F.; Zeil J.; Narendra, A. 2014. The antennal sensory array of the nocturnal bull ant Myrmecia pyriformis. Arthropod Structure and Development 43:543-558. 10.1016/j.asd.2014.07.004 PDF

Rammoser, H. 1965. Zur Verbreitung der hügelbauenden Waldameisen im Spessart. Waldhygiene 6:44-82.

Ramos Lacau, L. de S.; Villemant, C.; Bueno, O. C.; Delabie, J. H. C.; Lacau, S. 2008. Morphology of the eggs and larvae of Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini) and a note on the relationship with its symbiotic fungus. Zootaxa 1923:37-54. PDF

Ramos-Elorduy de Conconi, J.; MacGregor Loaeza, R.; Cuadriello Aguilar, J.; Sampedro Rosas, G. 1983. Quelques données sur la biologie des fourmis Liometopum (Dolichoderinae) du Mexique et en particulier sur leurs rapports avec les homoptères. Pp. 125-130 in: Jaisson, P. (ed.) 1983. Social insects in the tropics. Volume 2. Paris: Université Paris-Nord, 252 pp.

Ramos, J. A. 1946. The insects of Mona Island (West Indies). Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 30:1-74. PDF