This history item belongs to Formicariae Latreille, 1802
Its current taxon owner(s) is Formicidae, Formicinae, Formicini
Show only for rank: Subfamily
Formicinae as senior synonym of †Palaeosminthurini: Boudinot, in Boudinot et al., 2024: 144 (by implication as †Palaeosminthurus transferred to Formicinae).
{tax 429149} as senior synonym of {tax 513516}: Boudinot, in {ref 144328}: 144 (by implication as {tax 429245} transferred to {tax 429149}).
Formicidae | Family | Valid |
Formicinae | Subfamily | Valid |
Formicini | Tribe | Valid |
#312174 | Formicini as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874b: 167 [Formicidae]. |
#240419 | Formicini as tribe of Camponotidae: Forel, 1891c: 79 [Formicii]. |
#240420 | Formicini as tribe of Camponotinae: Forel, 1891c: 79 [Formicii]; Forel, 1893b: 165 [Formicii]; Forel, 1893j: 337 [Formicii]; Emery, 1895l: 772 [Formicii]; Forel, 1895b: 105 [Formicii]; Forel, 1899h: 125 [Formicii]; Forel, 1901c: 25 [Formicii]; Ruzsky, 1902d: 8 [Formicii]; Ruzsky, 1905b: 110 [Formicii]; Forel, 1908a: 62 [Formicii]; Wheeler, 1910a: 143 [Formicii]; Wheeler, 1915i: 120; Emery, 1916a: 252; Forel, 1917: 249 [Formicini]. |
#239426 | Formicidae as family: Latreille, 1802b: 352 [Formicariae]; Latreille, 1803: 311 [Formicaires]; Latreille, 1804: 178 [Formicariae]; Latreille, 1809: 124 [Formicariae]; Latreille, 1810: 285 [Formicariae]; Leach, 1815: 147 [Formicarides]; Latreille, 1817a: 14 [Formicariae]; Billberg, 1820: 104 [Formicaedes]; Stephens, 1829b: 356 [first spelling as Formicidae]; Brullé, 1833: 326 [Formicaires]; Haliday, 1836: 331 [Formicidae]; Zetterstedt, 1838: 447 [Formicariae]; Westwood, 1839a: 217 [Formicidae]; Swainson & Shuckard, 1840: 171 [Formicidae]; Le Guillou, 1842: 313 [Formicaires]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicidae]; Foerster, 1850a: 1 [Formicariae]; Smith, 1851: 1 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1855: 275 [Formicina]; Nylander, 1856b: 53 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1857a: 52 [Formicidae]; Smith, 1858a: 1 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Formicidae]; Meinert, 1861: 305 [Formicae]; Smith, 1861b: 36 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 1 [Formicidae]; Heer, 1867: 6 [Formicaria]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicinae]; Smith, 1871a: 302; Dours, 1873: 164 [Formicariae]; Forel, 1874: 19, 95 [Formicariae]; Emery, 1877b: 70 [Formicidae]; Taschenberg, 1880: 261, 702 [Formicidae]; André, 1881: 125, 126 [Formicidae]; André, 1882b: 125; White, 1884: 249 [Formicidae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 1 [Formicidae]; Saunders, 1896: 18; Forel, 1899b: 1 [Formicidae]; Ruzsky, 1902d: 5 [Formicarii]; Bingham, 1903: 1 [Formicidae]; Ruzsky, 1905b: 91 [Formicariae or Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905c: 384 [Formicidae]; Wheeler, 1910a: 134 [Formicidae]; Santschi, 1914b: 43 [Formicidae]; Arnold, 1915: 6 [Formicidae]; Wheeler, 1915h: 805 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1916a: 79 [Formicidae]; Wheeler, 1922: 727 [Formicidae]; Emery, 1925d: 1 [Formicidae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 97; Bernard, 1951c: 1073 [Formicidae]; Bernard, 1953b: 256 [Formicidae]; subsequent authors; Bolton, 2003: 15, 77 [Formicidae]. |
#239797 | Formicinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197 [Heterogynides, tribu Formicites]; Nylander, 1846a: 877 [Formicae]; Mayr, 1855: 286, 299 [Formicina, Formicidae]; Nylander, 1856b: 53 [Formicineae]; Mayr, 1861: 21, 25 [Formicidae, Formicidae]; Mayr, 1862: 651 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1865: 6 [Formicidae]; Mayr, 1868b: 24 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Formicidae]; Dours, 1873: 164 [Formicidae]; Forel, 1874: 21, 37 [Formicariae, Formicidae]; Emery, 1877b: 70 [Formicidae]; Ashmead, 1905c: 384 [Formicinae]; Bondroit, 1918: 17 [Formicitae]; Wheeler, 1920: 53 [Formicinae]; Wheeler, 1922: 210, 691 [Formicinae]; Emery, 1925d: 2 [Formicinae]; Karavaiev, 1936: 172; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197; Clark, 1951: 16; Smith, 1951c: 838; Brown, 1954b: 29; Kempf, 1972b: 266; Brown, 1973b: 169; Baroni Urbani, 1984: 81; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 17; subsequent authors; Bolton, 2003: 20, 93; Boudinot, 2015: 51; Perkovsky, 2016: 114. |
#312903 (selected) | Formicinae as senior synonym of †Palaeosminthurini: Boudinot, in Boudinot et al., 2024: 144 (by implication as †Palaeosminthurus transferred to Formicinae). |
#312175 | [Note: the early family-group name Formicites Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 197, is not cognate with the formicine collective genus-group name †Formicites .] |
#240421 | Formicini as tribe of Formicinae: Ashmead, 1905c: 384 [Formicini]; Bondroit, 1918: 36; Wheeler, 1922: 698; Emery, 1925d: 240; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 197; Smith, 1979: 1448; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18; Bolton, 1995b: 12; Bolton, 2003: 27, 126; Blaimer et al., 2015: 6; Ward et al., 2016: 346. |
#312186 | Note 1: Heterogyna [unavailable name] Heterogynes Latreille, 1817g: 455 [as family-group name (Heterogynes)]. Unavailable name; not based on a genus rank taxon. [Notes (i): the family-group name was initially designated by Latreille, 1817g to include the tribes Formicaries (Formicidae) and Mutillaires (Mutillidae). Other authors of the 19th and early 20th centuries used this unavailable name in a variety of forms: Stephens, 1829b: 356 (Aculeata subsectio Heterogyna); Perty, 1833: 134 (Family Heterogyna); Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 97 (Family Heterogynides); Haliday, 1836: 331 (as superfamily name, Hymenoptera stirps Heterogyna, to include the families Mutillidae, Dorylidae, Formicidae); Shuckard, 1840a: 188 (Hymenoptera, Heterogyna); Le Guillou, 1842: 313 (as family-group name, Heterogynes); Smith, 1851: 1 (Aculeata tribe Heterogyna); Smith, 1855a: 95 (Heterogyna, Formicidae); Smith, 1858a: 1 (Aculeata tribe Heterogyna); Smith, 1859c: 1 (Aculeata tribe Heterogyna); Smith, 1871c: viii (Heterogyna as superfamily, to include Formicidae, Poneridae, Myrmicidae, Mutillidae); Saunders, 1880: 202 (Heterogyna (= Formicidae + Myrmicidae + Poneridae)); White, 1884: 246 (Aculeata division Heterogyna); Dalla Torre, 1893: title page (Formicidae (Heterogyna)); Saunders, 1896: 16 (Heterogyna (= Formicidae)); Forel, 1899a: 116 (Heterogyna (Formicidae)); Forel, 1899b: 1 (Aculeata section Heterogyna); Bingham, 1903: 1 (tribe Heterogyna, family Formicidae); Wheeler, 1910a: 134 (Formicidae (Heterogyna)); (ii) Heterogyna is not to be confused with Heterogynaidae (type-genus Heterogyna Nagy, 1969), a small family of apoid wasps.] |
#312215 | Note 2: Philopona [unavailable name] Philopona Kirby, 1837: 261 [as family-group name (Heterogyna race Philopona), containing only the family Formicidae]. Unavailable name, not based on a genus rank taxon. [Notes (i): Kirby, 1837 defines Philopona as, “all those genera that constitute Linné’s genus Formica, distinguished by their admirable industry, their wonderful economy, and the nests they construct.” By this definition Philopona is an absolute junior synonym of Formicidae; (ii) Westwood, 1839a: 217, refers to the “Sodales (or Philopona K.)”, which contains, “the single family Formicidae”, which “corresponds with the genus Formica of Linnaeus, and the Heterogyna of St. Fargeau.” Thus Philopona and Sodales are absolute synonyms, and both are junior synonyms of Formicidae.] |
#312244 | Note 3: Socialia [unavailable name] Socialia White, 1884: 246 [as family-group name (Heterogyna phalanx Socialia)]. Unavailable name, not based on a genus rank taxon. [Note: originally designated to include the families Formicidae, Poneridae, and Myrmicidae. Socialia would therefore be equivalent to the modern rank of superfamily, and is synonymous with the modern Formicidae.] |
#312245 | Note 4: Sodales [unavailable name] Sodales Westwood, 1839a: 217 [as family-group name (synonymous with Philopona), containing only the family Formicidae]. Unavailable name, not based on a genus rank taxon. [Note: Westwood, 1839a refers to the “Sodales (or Philopona K.)” which contains, “the single family Formicidae”, which “corresponds with the genus Formica of Linnaeus, and the Heterogyna of St. Fargeau.” Thus Philopona and Sodales are absolute synonyms, and both are junior synonyms of Formicidae.] |