Bingham, C. T. 1899. Note on Diacamma, a ponerine genus of ants, and of the finding of a female of D. vagans, Smith. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 12:756-757. PDF

Bingham, C. T. 1903. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Hymenoptera, Vol. II. Ants and Cuckoo-wasps. London: Taylor and Francis, 506 pp. PDF

Bingham, C. T. 1905. Report on the Aculeate Hymenoptera. Fasciculi Malayenses. Zoology 3:19-60.

Billen, J. P. J.; Peeters, C. 1991. Fine structure of the gemma gland in the ant Diacamma australe (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Belgian Journal of Zoology 121:203-210.

Billen, J. P. J.; Peusens, G. 1984. Ultrastructure de la glande propharyngienne chez les fourmis Formicines (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Actes des Colloques Insectes Sociaux 1:121-129.

Billen, J. P. J.; Schoeters, E. 1994. Morphology and ultrastructure of the mandibular gland in Formica L. ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Memorabilia Zoologica 48:9-16.

Billen, J. P. J.; Taylor, R. W. 1993. Notes on the aberant venom gland morphology of some Australian dolichoderine and myrmicine ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Belgian Journal of Zoology 123:159-163.

Billen, J. P. J.; Jackson, B. D.; Morgan, E. D. 1988b. The contents of the pygidial gland of the primitive ant Nothomyrmecia macrops (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Experientia (Basel) 44:794-797.

Billen, J. P. J.; Kerkhofs, H. L. P. 1985. Ultrastructure of the ovarioles in Formica ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemeine und Angewandte Entomologie 4:332-334.

Billen, J. P. J.; Evershed, R. P.; Morgan, E. D. 1984. Morphological comparison of Dufour glands in workers of Acromyrmex octospinosus and Myrmica rubra. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 35:205-207.

Billen, J. P. J.; Gotwald, W. H., Jr. 1988. The crenellate lining of the Dufour gland in the genus Aenictus: a new character for interpreting the phylogeny of Old World army ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae). Zoologica Scripta 17:293-295. PDF

Billen, J. P. J.; Jackson, B. D.; Morgan, E. D. 1988a. Secretion of the Dufour gland of the ant Nothomyrmecia macrops (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Experientia (Basel) 44:715-719.

Billen, J. P. J.; Boven, J. K. A. 1983. The chemical composition of the Dufour gland contents of workers of the ant Formica cunicularia. A test for recognition of the species. Annales de la Société Royale Zoologique de Belgique 113(suppl.1):283-289.

Billen, J. P. J.; Brandão, C. R. F.; Paiva, R. V. S. 1995. Morphology and ultrastructure of the pygidial gland of the ant Dinoponera australis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 39 (9):209-216. PDF

Billen, J. P. J.; Evershed, R. P.; Attygalle, A. B.; Morgan, E. D.; Ollett, D. G. 1986. Contents of Dufour glands of workers of three species of Tetramorium (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology 12:669-685.

Billen, J. P. J.; Boven, J. K. A. 1987. The metapleural gland in Old World army ants: a morphological and ultrastructural description (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Revue de Zoologie Africaine (Tervuren) 101:31-41.

Lenoir, A.; Arnold, G.; Lepage, M. (eds.) 1994. Les insectes sociaux. 12ème congrès de l'Union Internationale pour l'Étude des Insectes Sociaux. Paris, Sorbonne, 21-27 août 1994. Paris: Université Paris Nord, xxiv + 583 pp.

Billen, J. P. J. 1994b. Morphology of exocrine glands in social insects: an up-date 100 years after Ch. Janet. P. 214 in: Lenoir, A.; Arnold, G.; Lepage, M. (eds.) 1994. Les insectes sociaux. 12ème congrès de l'Union Internationale pour l'Étude des Insectes Sociaux. Paris, Sorbonne, 21-27 août 1994. Paris: Université Paris Nord, xxiv + 583 pp.

Billen, J. P. J.; Attygalle, A. B.; Morgan, E. D.; Ollett, D. G. 1987. The contents of the Dufour gland of the ant Pogonomyrmex occidentalis. Pp. 426-427 in: Eder, J.; Rembold, H. (eds.) 1987. Chemistry and biology of social insects. München: Verlag J. Peperny, xxxv + 757 pp.

Vander Meer, R. K.; Jaffe, K.; Cedeno, A. (eds.) 1990. Applied myrmecology: a world perspective. Boulder: Westview Press, xv + 741 pp.

Billen, J. P. J. 1990d. A survey of the glandular systems of fire ants. Pp. 85-94 in: Vander Meer, R. K.; Jaffe, K.; Cedeno, A. (eds.) 1990. Applied myrmecology: a world perspective. Boulder: Westview Press, xv + 741 pp.

Billen, J. P. J. 1994a. Morphology and classification of the exocrine glands in ants. Ari 18:1-4.

Billen, J. P. J. 1987c. Morphology and ultrastructure of the exocrine glands in social Hymenoptera. Pp. 81-84 in: Eder, J.; Rembold, H. (eds.) 1987. Chemistry and biology of social insects. München: Verlag J. Peperny, xxxv + 757 pp.

Billen, J. P. J. 1990a. Phylogenetic aspects of exocrine gland development in the Formicidae. Pp. 317-318 in: Veeresh, G. K.; Mallik, B.; Viraktamath, C. A. (eds.) 1990. Social insects and the environment. Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of IUSSI, 1990. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., xxxi + 765 pp.

Billen, J. P. J. 1990b. Morphology and ultrastructure of the Dufour's and venom gland in the ant Myrmecia gulosa (Fabr.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 38:305-315.

Billen, J. P. J. 1990c. The sting bulb gland in Myrmecia and Nothomyrmecia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a new exocrine gland in ants. International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 19:133-139.

Billen, J. P. J. 1985b. Comparative ultrastructure of the poison and Dufour glands in Old and New World army ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Actes des Colloques Insectes Sociaux 2:17-26.

Billen, J. P. J. 1985c. Ultrastructure de la glande de Pavan chez Dolichoderus quadripunctatus (L.) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Actes des Colloques Insectes Sociaux 2:87-95.

Billen, J. P. J. 1986a. Morphology and ultrastructure of the Dufour's and venom gland in the ant, Myrmica rubra (L.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 15:13-25.

Billen, J. P. J. 1986b. Comparative morphology and ultrastructure of the Dufour gland in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomologia Generalis 11:165-181.