Changes are listed in reverse-chronological order. The first item points to the current version; all other changes correspond to a version object.
For any revision listed below, click on its date to view it. read more"cur" = difference from current version. "prev" = difference from preceding version. The radio options and "Compare selected revision" button can be used to compare any two versions.
Some changes are not logged, or may be attributed to the wrong editor. read moreSome actions rewrites the current version without creating new versions; this means that parts of the difference between revisions may be attributed to the wrong editor, and that timestamps may not be correct.
ID tags in formatted taxt items are resolved according to the current database. read moreFor example, an item with the content "Subspecies of {tax 123}" may have said "Subspecies of Lasius flavus" at one point; if L. flavus is reclassified as a subspecies of L. niger, the formatted item will now read "Subspecies of Lasius niger flavus" – even if you are looking at an much older revision – and it's not possible to tell that this has happened, because the content of the taxt item has not changed.
Genus Leptothorax references show rawGenus {tax 429929} references
Mayr, 1855: 433 (Austria Leptothorax species key); Mayr, 1861: 57, 58 (diagnosis, Europe Leptothorax species key); Mayr, 1865: 19, 20, 21 (Macromischa, Leptothorax, Temnothorax diagnoses); Mayr, 1868b: 83 (Baltic Amber Macromischa species key); André, 1874b: 188 (Europe Leptothorax species key); Forel, 1874: 82, 83 (Switzerland Temnothorax, Leptothorax species key); André, 1883a: 293 (Europe & Algeria Leptothorax species key); Mayr, 1886d: 451 (U.S.A. Leptothorax species key); Nasonov, 1889: 70 (Russia species key); Emery, 1891c: 5 (North Africa species key); Emery, 1895d: 317 (North America species key); Emery, 1896g: 58 (Neotropical Leptothorax, Leptothorax (Goniothorax) species key); Bingham, 1903: 215 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma Leptothorax species key); Wheeler, 1903d: 223 (North America species key); Ruzsky, 1905b: 570 (Russian Empire species key); Wasmann, 1906: 16 (Luxemburg species key); Wheeler, 1908a: 141 (Macromischa species key); Santschi, 1909c: 460 (Leptothorax rottenbergii group key); Bondroit, 1910: 496 (Belgium species key); Stitz, 1914: 60 (Central Europe species key); Crawley, 1914a: 91 (Britain species key); Crawley, 1914b: 106 (Britain species key, concluded); Donisthorpe, 1915f: 147 (Britain species key); Emery, 1916a: 176 (Italy species key); Wheeler, 1916r: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); Arnold, 1916: 257 (Leptothorax diagnosis, South Africa species key); Arnold, 1917: 358 (Tetramyrma diagnosis); Bondroit, 1918: 117 (France & Belgium species key); Mann, 1920b: 408 (Macromischa species key); Wheeler, 1922: 677, 679 (Macromischa, Leptothorax subgenera keys); Emery, 1924f: 245 (Macromischa), 247 (Leptothorax diagnosis, subgenera key), 249 (Leptothorax (Goniothorax) diagnosis), 251 (Leptothorax (Leptothorax) diagnosis), 259 (Leptothorax (Temnothorax) diagnosis), 260 (Leptothorax (Dichothorax), Leptothorax (Mychothorax) diagnoses); Karavaiev, 1927d: 266 (Ukraine species key); Donisthorpe, 1927c: 163 (Britain species key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927d: 38 (Turkestan species key); Arnol'di, 1933a: 598 (Russia species key); Menozzi, 1933b: 68 (Israel species key); Karavaiev, 1934: 134 (Ukraine species key); Menozzi, 1939a: 307 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); Stitz, 1939: 158 (Germany species key); Smith, 1939e: 503 (U.S.A. Macromischa species key); Kratochvíl, 1941b: 89 (Central Europe species key); Novák & Sadil, 1941: 89 (Central Europe species key); Cole, 1942: 369 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Holgersen, 1943c: 172 (Norway species key); Holgersen, 1944a: 198 (Norway species key); Kratochvíl et al., 1944: 123 (Czechoslovakia males, key); Buren, 1944a: 286 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); Van Boven, 1947b: 178 (Belgium species key); Creighton, 1950a: 251 (Macromischa Nearctic species key), 256 (Leptothorax (Goniothorax), Leptothorax (Dichothorax), Leptothorax (Leptothorax), Leptothorax (Mychothorax) Nearctic species key); Smith, 1952c: 97 (U.S.A. Leptothorax tricarinatus complex, key); Bernard, 1956a: 151 (Western Europe species groups); Kusnezov, 1958c: 266 (subgenera key); Kempf, 1959d: 394 (Leptothorax (Nesomyrmex) Neotropical species revision, key); Boven, 1959: 8 (Netherlands species key); Gregg, 1963: 380 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1963: 139 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); Collingwood, 1964b: 99 (Britain species key); Bernard, 1967a: 185 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); Bernard, 1967a: 187, 222 (Leptothorax, Chalepoxenus diagnoses, Western Europe species keys); Bernard, 1967a: 224 (Doronomyrmex diagnosis); Boven, 1970b: 20 (Netherlands species key); Arnol'di, 1971: 1824 (Kazakhstan species key); Kutter, 1973e: 269 (Chalepoxenus, all species revision, key); Alayo, 1974: 15 (Macromischa Cuba species key); Kempf, 1975c: 367 (additions to Kempf, 1959d key); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 5 (Britain species key); Tarbinsky, 1976: 83 (Kyrgyzstan species key); Van Boven, 1977: 94 (Belgium species key); Kutter, 1977c: 103 (Switzerland species key); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 540 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); Collingwood, 1978: 83 (Iberian Peninsula species key); Collingwood, 1979: 68 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); Baroni Urbani, 1978b: 533 (Leptothorax (Macromischa) all species revision, key); Buschinger, 1981: 211 (Doronomyrmex review); Allred, 1982: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); Bolton, 1982: 319, 323 (Leptothorax diagnosis, Afrotropical species key); Gösswald, 1985: 303 (Germany species key); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986g: 51 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 60 (Norway species key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 273 (Balkans species key); Dlussky & Soyunov, 1988: 29 (former U.S.S.R. Temnothorax species); Buschinger et al., 1988: 383 (Chalepoxenus literature review); Radchenko, 1989b: 41 (Chalepoxenus, former U.S.S.R. species key); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 13 (synoptic classification); Dlussky et al., 1990: 184, 188 (Turkmenistan species key); Kupyanskaya, 1990a: 136 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Ogata, 1991b: 93 (diagnosis, Japan); Morisita et al., 1992: 26 (Japan species key); Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 129 (Bulgaria species key); Arakelian, 1994: 52 (Armenia species key); Radchenko, 1994b: 111 (South Siberia species key); Radchenko, 1994e: 146 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1050 (census); Douwes, 1995: 89 (Sweden species key); Kupyanskaya, 1995: 347 (Far Eastern Russia species key); Wu & Wang, 1995a: 108 (China species key); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 325 (Saudi Arabia species key); Seifert, 1996b: 13 (Central Europe Doronomyrmex species key); Seifert, 1996b: 119 (Central Europe species key); Skinner & Allen, 1996: 45 (Britain species key); Cagniant & Espadaler, 1997: 260, 268 (Morocco Leptothorax, Chalepoxenus species keys); Dlussky, 1997a: 57 (in Baltic amber genera key); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 16 (Portugal species key); Terayama & Onoyama, 1999: 73 (Japan species key); Mackay, 2000: 265, 288, 297 (Leptothorax (Myrafant) New World species revision, key; Mexico & Guatemala species key, species complexes key); Fontenla, 2001: 15 (Cuba Macromischa species key); Chang & He, 2001c: 1 (northwest China species key); Czechowski et al., 2002: 143 (Poland species key); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 93 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Bolton, 2003: 270 (Leptothorax genus diagnosis, component species); Lyu & Cho, 2003: 269 (Korea species key); Radchenko, 2004: 131 (Eastern Palaearctic species, key); Deyrup & Cover, 2004a: 56 (southeast U.S.A. species key); Radchenko, 2005b: 192 (North Korea species key); Seifert, 2007: 118 (North and Central Europe species key); Czechowski et al., 2012: 366 (Poland species key); Cantone, 2017: 204 (brief male diagnosis); Seifert, 2023c: 132 (Palearctic Leptothorax and Formicoxenus worker key); Qian & Xu, 2024: 1 (review of China species), 70 (China worker key). [Note: prior to 2003 Leptothorax references also contain species now in Temnothorax, Nesomyrmex, Vombisidris, and their current synonyms.] show raw{ref 127185}: 433 (Austria {tax 429929} species key); {ref 127189}: 57, 58 (diagnosis, Europe {tax 429929} species key); {ref 127193}: 19, 20, 21 ({tax 429957}, {tax 429929}, {tax 429956} diagnoses); {ref 127225}: 83 (Baltic Amber {tax 429957} species key); {ref 142475}: 188 (Europe {tax 429929} species key); {ref 124988}: 82, 83 (Switzerland {tax 429956}, {tax 429929} species key); {ref 122253}: 293 (Europe & Algeria {tax 429929} species key); {ref 127240}: 451 (U.S.A. {tax 429929} species key); {ref 127508}: 70 (Russia species key); {ref 124554}: 5 (North Africa species key); {ref 124591}: 317 (North America species key); {ref 124611}: 58 (Neotropical {tax 429929}, {tax 509005} species key); {ref 122766}: 215 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma {tax 429929} species key); {ref 129977}: 223 (North America species key); {ref 128184}: 570 (Russian Empire species key); {ref 129630}: 16 (Luxemburg species key); {ref 130024}: 141 ({tax 429957} species key); {ref 128249}: 460 ({tax 473071} group key); {ref 122874}: 496 (Belgium species key); {ref 129025}: 60 (Central Europe species key); {ref 123862}: 91 (Britain species key); {ref 123863}: 106 (Britain species key, concluded); {ref 124216}: 147 (Britain species key); {ref 124734}: 176 (Italy species key); {ref 130115}: 581 (U.S.A., Connecticut species key); {ref 122310}: 257 ({tax 429929} diagnosis, South Africa species key); {ref 122311}: 358 ({tax 429938} diagnosis); {ref 122872}: 117 (France & Belgium species key); {ref 127084}: 408 ({tax 429957} species key); {ref 133015}: 677, 679 ({tax 429957}, {tax 429929} subgenera keys); {ref 124769}: 245 ({tax 429957}), 247 ({tax 429929} diagnosis, subgenera key), 249 ({tax 509005} diagnosis), 251 ({tax 508855} diagnosis), 259 ({tax 509033} diagnosis), 260 ({tax 513484}, {tax 508714} diagnoses); {ref 126255}: 266 (Ukraine species key); {ref 124250}: 163 (Britain species key); {ref 126757}: 38 (Turkestan species key); {ref 122356}: 598 (Russia species key); {ref 127374}: 68 (Israel species key); {ref 126234}: 134 (Ukraine species key); {ref 127381}: 307 (Himalaya & Tibet species key); {ref 129033}: 158 (Germany species key); {ref 128783}: 503 (U.S.A. {tax 429957} species key); {ref 126513}: 89 (Central Europe species key); {ref 126512}: 89 (Central Europe species key); {ref 123672}: 369 (U.S.A., Utah species key); {ref 125920}: 172 (Norway species key); {ref 125923}: 198 (Norway species key); {ref 126504}: 123 (Czechoslovakia males, key); {ref 123329}: 286 (U.S.A., Iowa species key); {ref 122970}: 178 (Belgium species key); {ref 123910}: 251 ({tax 429957} Nearctic species key), 256 ({tax 509005}, {tax 513484}, {tax 508855}, {tax 508714} Nearctic species key); {ref 128828}: 97 (U.S.A. {tax 461000} complex, key); {ref 122643}: 151 (Western Europe species groups); {ref 126664}: 266 (subgenera key); {ref 126315}: 394 ({tax 509007} Neotropical species revision, key); {ref 122956}: 8 (Netherlands species key); {ref 125667}: 380 (U.S.A., Colorado species key); {ref 129848}: 139 (U.S.A., North Dakota species key); {ref 123798}: 99 (Britain species key); {ref 122660}: 185 (diagnosis, Western Europe species key); {ref 122660}: 187, 222 ({tax 429929}, {tax 429917} diagnoses, Western Europe species keys); {ref 122660}: 224 ({tax 429931} diagnosis); {ref 122979}: 20 (Netherlands species key); {ref 122342}: 1824 (Kazakhstan species key); {ref 126732}: 269 ({tax 429917}, all species revision, key); {ref 122161}: 15 ({tax 429957} Cuba species key); {ref 126372}: 367 (additions to {ref 126315} key); {ref 122862}: 5 (Britain species key); {ref 129149}: 83 (Kyrgyzstan species key); {ref 122960}: 94 (Belgium species key); {ref 126740}: 103 (Switzerland species key); {ref 122371}: 540 (former European U.S.S.R. species key); {ref 123763}: 83 (Iberian Peninsula species key); {ref 123764}: 68 (Fennoscandia & Denmark species key); {ref 122497}: 533 ({tax 509049} all species revision, key); {ref 123348}: 211 ({tax 429931} review); {ref 122181}: 440 (U.S.A., Utah species key); {ref 122828}: 319, 323 ({tax 429929} diagnosis, Afrotropical species key); {ref 125570}: 303 (Germany species key); {ref 129925}: 51 (U.S.A., Nevada species key); {ref 127531}: 60 (Norway species key); {ref 122149}: 273 (Balkans species key); {ref 124172}: 29 (former U.S.S.R. {tax 429956} species); {ref 123397}: 383 ({tax 429917} literature review); {ref 127947}: 41 ({tax 429917}, former U.S.S.R. species key); {ref 122852}: 13 (synoptic classification); {ref 124151}: 184, 188 (Turkmenistan species key); {ref 126604}: 136 (Far Eastern Russia species key); {ref 127582}: 93 (diagnosis, Japan); {ref 127456}: 26 (Japan species key); {ref 122405}: 129 (Bulgaria species key); {ref 122300}: 52 (Armenia species key); {ref 127961}: 111 (South Siberia species key); {ref 127964}: 146 (Central & Eastern Palaearctic species key); {ref 122859}: 1050 (census); {ref 124392}: 89 (Sweden species key); {ref 143554}: 347 (Far Eastern Russia species key); {ref 130487}: 108 (China species key); {ref 130931}: 325 (Saudi Arabia species key); {ref 132274}: 13 (Central Europe {tax 429931} species key); {ref 132274}: 119 (Central Europe species key); {ref 132350}: 45 (Britain species key); {ref 130879}: 260, 268 (Morocco {tax 429929}, {tax 429917} species keys); {ref 131108}: 57 (in Baltic amber genera key); {ref 130938}: 16 (Portugal species key); {ref 132447}: 73 (Japan species key); {ref 131771}: 265, 288, 297 ({tax 509053} New World species revision, key; Mexico & Guatemala species key, species complexes key); {ref 131323}: 15 (Cuba {tax 429957} species key); {ref 130904}: 1 (northwest China species key); {ref 130994}: 143 (Poland species key); {ref 131795}: 93 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); {ref 130789}: 270 ({tax 429929} genus diagnosis, component species); {ref 131760}: 269 (Korea species key); {ref 132054}: 131 (Eastern Palaearctic species, key); {ref 131076}: 56 (southeast U.S.A. species key); {ref 132056}: 192 (North Korea species key); {ref 132271}: 118 (North and Central Europe species key); {ref 142239}: 366 (Poland species key); {ref 143115}: 204 (brief male diagnosis); {ref 144202}: 132 (Palearctic {tax 429929} and {tax 429922} worker key); {ref 144350}: 1 (review of China species), 70 (China worker key). [Note: prior to 2003 {tax 429929} references also contain species now in {tax 429956}, {tax 429936}, {tax 429966}, and their current synonyms.]