Trachymyrmex
Forel, 1893
valid
masculine
Trachymyrmex
Forel, 1893h:
600
[as subgenus of Atta]
Type-species:
Atta septentrionalis (obsolete combination of Trachymyrmex septentrionalis), by subsequent designation of Wheeler, 1911g: 174.
- Trachymyrmex in Cryptoceridae, Attinae: Ashmead, 1905c: 384.
- Trachymyrmex in Myrmicinae, Attini: Emery, 1895l: 770; Emery, 1913c: 251; Forel, 1917: 247; Wheeler, 1922: 669; Emery, 1924f: 344; all subsequent authors.
- Trachymyrmex as subgenus of Atta: Forel, 1893h: 600 Emery, 1895l: 770; Forel, 1893h: 600; Forel, 1899d: 30; Wheeler, 1907d: 670; Wheeler, 1910a: 141.
- Trachymyrmex as subgenus of Cyphomyrmex: Emery, 1913c: 251; Emery, 1924f: 344; Donisthorpe, 1943h: 733.
- Trachymyrmex as subgenus of Acromyrmex: Forel, 1917: 247.
- Trachymyrmex as genus: Gallardo, 1916c: 242; Gallardo, 1916e: 318; Wheeler, 1916c: 11; Wheeler, 1922: 669; Borgmeier, 1927c: 128; Borgmeier, 1950b: 384; Kusnezov, 1964: 63; Kempf, 1972b: 252.
Obsolete classifications
Genus Trachymyrmex references
Wheeler, 1911i: 248 (all species key); Emery, 1924f: 344 (diagnosis, catalogue); Creighton, 1950a: 320 (North America species key); Kempf, 1972b: 252 (Neotropical catalogue); Smith, 1979: 1411 (North America catalogue); Brandão, 1991: 382 (catalogue); Bolton, 1994: 105 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1053 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 420 (catalogue); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 38 (U.S.A., New Mexico species key); Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2002: 672 (diagnosis, Trachymyrmex opulentus group key); Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2005: 274 (Trachymyrmex iheringi group, key); Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2007: 72 (species group phylogeny); Mayhé-Nunes & Brandão, 2007: 4 (Trachymyrmex jamaicensis group, key); Rabeling et al., 2007: 4 (North America species, key); Sánchez-Peña et al., 2017: 87 (modifications to North America species key); Cantone, 2017: 244 (brief male diagnosis); Fernández & Serna, 2019: 877 (Colombia species key); Solomon et al., 2019: 939, 948, 950 (phylogeny, species list, diagnosis)
Citations
- Ashmead, W. H. 1905c. A skeleton of a new arrangement of the families, subfamilies, tribes and genera of the ants, or the superfamily Formicoidea. Canadian Entomologist 37:381-384. PDF
- Bolton, B. 1994. Identification guide to the ant genera of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 222 pp.
- Bolton, B. 1995a. A taxonomic and zoogeographical census of the extant ant taxa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Natural History 29:1037-1056. PDF
- Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp.
- Borgmeier, T. 1927c. Catalogo systematico e synonymico das formigas do Brasil. 2 parte. Subf. Pseudomyrminae, Myrmicinae, Formicidae. Archivos do Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro) 29:69-164. PDF
- Borgmeier, T. 1950b. Bemerkungen zu Dr. Creighton's Werk "The ants of North America". Revista de Entomologia (Rio de Janeiro) 21:381-386. PDF
- Brandão, C. R. F. 1991. Adendos ao catálogo abreviado das formigas da região Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 35:319-412. PDF
- Brandão, C. R. F.; Mayhé-Nunes, A. J. 2007. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the Trachymyrmex species groups, and the transition from fungus-growing to leaf-cutting in the Attini. Pp. 72-88 in: Snelling, R. R.; Fisher, B. L.; Ward, P. S. (eds.) 2007. Advances in ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): homage to E.O. Wilson – 50 years of contributions. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80:690 pp. PDF
- Cantone, S. 2017. Winged ants – The male. Dichotomous key to genera of winged male ants in the world. Behavioral ecology of mating flight. São Paulo: Autopubblicato, 318 pp. PDF
- Creighton, W. S. 1950a. The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 104:1-585. PDF
- Donisthorpe, H. 1943h. A list of the type-species of the genera and subgenera of the Formicidae. [concl.]. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (11)10:721-737.
- Emery, C. 1895l. Die Gattung Dorylus Fab. und die systematische Eintheilung der Formiciden. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 8:685-778. PDF
- Emery, C. 1913c. Études sur les Myrmicinae. [V-VII.]. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 57:250-262. PDF
- Emery, C. 1924f ("1922"). Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [concl.]. Genera Insectorum 174C:207-397. PDF
- Fernández, F.; Serna, F. J. 2019. Subfamilia Myrmicinae. Pp. 791-888 in: Fernández, F.; Guerrero, R. J.; Delsinne, T. (eds.) 2019d. Hormigas de Colombia. Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 1198 pp. PDF
- Forel, A. 1893h. Note sur les Attini. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 37:586-607. PDF
- Forel, A. 1899d. Formicidae. [part]. Biologia Centrali-Americana Hym. 3:25-56. PDF
- Forel, A. 1917. Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune universelle des fourmis. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 51:229-253. PDF
- Gallardo, A. 1916c. Notas acerca de la hormiga Trachymyrmex pruinosus Emery. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 28:241-252. PDF
- Gallardo, A. 1916e. Notes systématiques et éthologiques sur les fourmis attines de la République Argentine. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 28:317-344. PDF
- Kempf, W. W. 1972b. Catálogo abreviado das formigas da região Neotropical. Studia Entomologica 15:3-344. PDF
- Kusnezov, N. 1964 ("1963"). Zoogeografía de las hormigas en Sudamérica. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 19:25-186. PDF
- Mackay, W.; Mackay, E. 2002. The ants of New Mexico (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 400 pp. PDF
- Mayhé-Nunes, A. J.; Brandão, C. R. F. 2002. Revisionary studies on the attine ant genus Trachymyrmex Forel. Part 1: definition of the genus and the opulentus group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology 40:667-698.
- Mayhé-Nunes, A. J.; Brandão, C. R. F. 2005. Revisionary studies on the attine ant genus Trachymyrmex Forel. Part 2: the Iheringi group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology 45:271-305. PDF
- Mayhé-Nunes, A. J.; Brandão, C. R. F. 2007. Revisionary studies on the attine ant genus Trachymyrmex Forel. Part 3: The Jamaicensis group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 1444:1-21. PDF
- Rabeling, C.; Cover, S. P.; Johnson, R. A.; Mueller, U. G. 2007. A review of the North American species of the fungus-gardening ant genus Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 1664:1-53. PDF
- Sánchez-Peña, S. R.; Chacón-Cardosa, M. C.; Canales-del-Castillo, R.; Ward, L.; Resendez-Pérez, D. 2017. A new species of Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fungus-growing ant from the Sierra Madre Oriental of northeastern Mexico. ZooKeys 706:73-94. 10.3897/zookeys.706.12539 PDF
- Smith, D. R. 1979. Superfamily Formicoidea. Pp. 1323-1467 in: Krombein, K. V.; Hurd, P. D.; Smith, D. R.; Burks, B. D. (eds.) 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. i-xvi, 1199-2209.
- Solomon, S. E.; Rabeling, C.; Sosa-Calvo, J.; Lopes, C. T.; Rodrigues, A.; Vasconcelos, H. L.; Bacci, M., Jr.; Mueller, U. G.; Schultz, T. R. 2019. The molecular phylogenetics of Trachymyrmex Forel ants and their fungal cultivars provide insights into the origin and coevolutionary history of ‘higher-attine’ ant agriculture. Systematic Entomology 44:939-956. 10.1111/syen.12370 PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1907d. The fungus-growing ants of North America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 23:669-807. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1910a. Ants: their structure, development and behavior. New York: Columbia University Press, xxv + 663 pp. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1911i. Descriptions of some new fungus-growing ants from Texas, with Mr. C. G. Hartman's observations on their habits. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 19:245-255. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1916c. Ants collected in British Guiana by the expedition of the American Museum of Natural History during 1911. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 35:1-14. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1922. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. New York: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 1139.
Extant: 9 valid species
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