• [Misspelled as germinata by Wheeler, 1927e: 1.]
• Roger, 1862c: 289 (w.m.); Mayr, 1867a: 109 (w.q.m.); Wheeler, 1900b: 21 (l.); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1955c: 132 (l.); Crozier, 1970a: 116 (k.); Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385 (s.), 386 (w.)
• [Combination in Formica: Roger, 1862c: 289 (error).]
• [Note: Roger, 1862c: 289, incorrectly cites Formica geminata Fabricius, 1804 in his description of Solenopsis geminata minor Roger, 1862c, instead of Atta geminata Fabricius, 1804.]
• Combination in Solenopsis: Mayr, 1863a: 453; Roger, 1863b: 32.
• [Combination in Monomorium: Mayr, 1884: 37 (error).]
• Status as species: Roger, 1862c: 289; Roger, 1863b: 32, 49; Mayr, 1863a: 453; Mayr, 1865: 108; Mayr, 1867a: 109 (redescription); Mayr, 1870b: 996 (in key); Smith, 1873: ix; Mayr, 1876: 111; Emery, 1878a: x (in list); Smith, 1879a: 676; Forel, 1881: 10; Emery, 1883: 151; Forel, 1885b: 182; Mayr, 1886c: 365; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Cresson, 1887: 262; Emery, 1888c: 355; Emery, 1888e: 690; Rothney, 1889: 365; Emery, 1890b: 66; Emery, 1890c: 52; Forel, 1893j: 396; André, 1893b: 152; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Emery, 1893f: 89; Emery, 1893g: 191; Emery, 1893h: 243; Emery, 1893i: 266; Pergande, 1893: 35; von Jhering, 1894: 392; Emery, 1894l: 56; Forel, 1895b: 130; Emery, 1895d: 276; Emery, 1895m: 467; Emery, 1896g: 83 (in key); Emery, 1896h: 625; Mayr, 1897: 430; Forel, 1897b: 300; Forel, 1899b: 79; Emery, 1900: 688; Emery, 1901h: 120; Emery, 1901i: 567; Forel, 1901d: 129; Rothney, 1903: 98; Bingham, 1903: 158; Wheeler, 1905c: 124; Emery, 1906c: 121; Forel, 1906d: 248; Forel, 1907h: 4; Forel, 1908c: 45; Forel, 1908: 362; Forel, 1908a: 67; Wheeler, 1908a: 130; Wheeler, 1908h: 424; Wheeler, 1909b: 232; Forel, 1909a: 259, 268; Santschi, 1910c: 359; Wheeler, 1910a: 563; Santschi, 1911d: 3; Emery, 1911f: 531; Wheeler, 1911a: 23; Wheeler, 1911b: 169; Forel, 1912h: 4; Wheeler, 1913b: 493; Wheeler, 1913d: 115; Wheeler, 1913e: 240; Santschi, 1913c: 306; Stitz, 1913: 209; Forel, 1914e: 11; Bruch, 1914: 223; Emery, 1914f: 393; Wheeler & Mann, 1914: 20; Mann, 1916: 447; Wheeler, 1916c: 3; Wheeler, 1916f: 324; Crawley, 1916b: 370; Wheeler, 1917g: 458; Luederwaldt, 1918: 42; Wheeler, 1918b: 24; Wheeler, 1919d: 272; Mann, 1920b: 427; Emery, 1922c: 197; Wheeler, 1922: 877; Wheeler, 1922e: 9; Mann, 1922: 30; Wheeler, 1923d: 4; Stitz, 1925c: 119; Essig, 1926: 858; Stärcke, 1926a: 84 (in key); Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Wheeler, 1927b: 45; Creighton, 1930b: 59 (redescription); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 158; Mukerjee, 1930: 154; Smith, 1930a: 3; Wheeler, 1932a: 10; Donisthorpe, 1932c: 463; Donisthorpe, 1933d: 534; Wheeler, 1933a: 62; Borgmeier, 1934: 102; Wheeler, 1935g: 26; Wheeler, 1936c: 200; Cole, 1937a: 99; Smith, 1937: 838; Wheeler, 1938: 252; Menozzi, 1942a: 169; Eidmann, 1944: 450; Donisthorpe, 1946i: 31; Weber, 1948b: 82; Creighton, 1950a: 231; Smith, 1951c: 812; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 168; Cole, 1953i: 299; Smith, 1958c: 129; Kempf, 1961b: 507; Snelling, 1963: 7; Wilson, 1964b: 8; Baltazar, 1966: 260; Ettershank, 1966: 141; Smith, 1967a: 357; Wilson & Taylor, 1967b: 58; Taylor, 1967b: 1094; Kempf, 1972b: 235; Alayo, 1974: 14 (in key); Smith, 1979: 1385; Taylor, 1987a: 72; Zolessi et al., 1988: 4; Deyrup et al., 1989: 96; Brandão, 1991: 379; Ogata, 1991b: 110; Trager, 1991: 163 (redescription); Morisita et al., 1992: 42; Collingwood, 1993b: 194; Perrault, 1993: 333; Dlussky, 1994a: 54; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Wu & Wang, 1995a: 70; Tang et al., 1995: 71; Collingwood et al., 1997: 508; Tiwari, 1999: 58; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Wetterer, 2002: 129; Blard et al., 2003: 131; Deyrup, 2003: 47; Imai et al., 2003: 132; Lin & Wu, 2003: 66; Wetterer & Vargo, 2003: 417; Ghosh et al., 2005: 33; Jaitrong & Nabhitabhata, 2005: 42; MacGown & Forster, 2005: 69; Clouse, 2007b: 249; Framenau & Thomas, 2008: 72; Terayama, 2009: 157; Mohanraj et al., 2010: 7; Collingwood et al., 2011: 438; Legakis, 2011: 15; Pfeiffer et al., 2011: 51; Wetterer, 2011a: 21; Borowiec & Salata, 2012: 534; Branstetter & Sáenz, 2012: 261; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 53; Sarnat & Economo, 2012: 122; Sharaf & Aldawood, 2012a: 10; Sarnat et al., 2013: 72; Borowiec, 2014: 154; Ramage, 2014: 162; Bezděčková et al., 2015: 122; Bharti et al., 2016: 44; Jaitrong et al., 2016: 38; Wetterer et al., 2016: 17; Deyrup, 2017: 103; Salata & Borowiec, 2018c: 48; Fernández & Serna, 2019: 816; Lubertazzi, 2019: 172; Dias et al., 2020: 90; Khachonpisitsak et al., 2020: 122; Wang et al., 2022: 101; Herrera et al., 2024: 186; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis eduardi bahiaensis: Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 388; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis cephalotes: Roger, 1863b: 32, 49; Mayr, 1865: 108; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis clypeata: Roger, 1862c: 289; Mayr, 1863a: 453; Roger, 1863b: 32; Mayr, 1865: 108; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Emery, 1922c: 197; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Creighton, 1950a: 231; Kempf, 1972b: 235; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis coloradensis: Mayr, 1886c: 365; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Cresson, 1887: 259; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Emery, 1922c: 197; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Smith, 1951c: 812; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis geminata diabola: Ettershank, 1966: 141; Kempf, 1972b: 236; Smith, 1979: 1386; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 388; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis drewseni: Mayr, 1870b: 996 (footnote); Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Emery, 1922c: 197; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Creighton, 1950a: 231; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis eduardi: Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 388; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis geminata galapageia: Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 388; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis glaber: Mayr, 1863a: 453; Mayr, 1886c: 362; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Forel, 1899b: 79; Emery, 1922c: 197; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Creighton, 1950a: 231; Kempf, 1972b: 235; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis geminata innota: Wheeler, 1922: 877; Trager, 1991: 164; Bolton, 1995b: 387.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis laboriosus: Mayr, 1863a: 453; Mayr, 1886c: 362; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Emery, 1922c: 197; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis laevissima: Donisthorpe, 1932c: 463; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis lincecumii: Emery, 1895d: 276; Wheeler, 1902g: 28; Emery, 1922c: 197; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Smith, 1951c: 812; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis mandibularis: Roger, 1862c: 289; Mayr, 1863a: 453; Roger, 1863b: 32; Mayr, 1865: 108; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Wheeler, 1911g: 172; Emery, 1922c: 197; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Creighton, 1950a: 231; Kempf, 1972b: 235; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis geminata medusa: Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 388; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis mellea: Donisthorpe, 1932c: 455; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis geminata nigra: Creighton, 1930b: 59; Kempf, 1972b: 236; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis paleata: Roger, 1863b: 32, 49; Mayr, 1865: 108; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Forel, 1895b: 130; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis eduardi perversa: Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 388; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis polita Smith, 1862b: Mayr, 1863a: 453; Mayr, 1886c: 362; Mayr, 1886d: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Pergande, 1893: 35; Forel, 1899b: 79; Emery, 1922c: 197; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Creighton, 1950a: 231; Kempf, 1972b: 235; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis geminata rufa: Dalla Torre, 1893: 76; Ettershank, 1966: 141; Wilson & Taylor, 1967b: 58; Kempf, 1972b: 235; Smith, 1979: 1385; Trager, 1991: 163; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Tiwari, 1999: 58; Zhou, 2001a: 88; Ramage, 2014: 162; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 384.
• Senior synonym of Solenopsis saxicola: Emery, 1895d: 276; Wheeler, 1902g: 28; Emery, 1922c: 197; Creighton, 1930b: 59; Borgmeier, 1927c: 104; Smith, 1951c: 812; Smith, 1979: 1385; Bolton, 1995b: 387; Borowiec & Salata, 2025a: 385.
• Material of the nomen nudum Solenopsis geminata minor referred here by Kempf, 1972b: 236.

Junior synonyms

• Solenopsis cephalotes Smith, 1859
• Solenopsis clypeata (Smith, 1858)
  Obsolete combination(s): Atta clypeata
• Solenopsis coloradensis (Buckley, 1867)
  Obsolete combination(s): Atta coloradensis
• Solenopsis drewseni (Mayr, 1861)
  Obsolete combination(s): Diplorhoptrum drewseni
• Solenopsis eduardi Forel, 1912
• Solenopsis eduardi bahiaensis Santschi, 1925
• Solenopsis eduardi perversa Santschi, 1925
• Solenopsis geminata diabola Wheeler, 1908
• Solenopsis geminata galapageia Wheeler, 1919
• Solenopsis geminata innota Santschi, 1915
• Solenopsis geminata medusa Mann, 1916
• Solenopsis geminata nigra Forel, 1908
• Solenopsis geminata rufa (Jerdon, 1851)
  Obsolete combination(s): Atta rufa
• Solenopsis glaber (Smith, 1862)
  Obsolete combination(s): Myrmica glaber
• Solenopsis laboriosus (Smith, 1860)
  Obsolete combination(s): Crematogaster laboriosus
• Solenopsis laevissima (Smith, 1860)
  Obsolete combination(s): Myrmica laevissima
• Solenopsis lincecumii (Buckley, 1867)
  Obsolete combination(s): Atta lincecumii
• Solenopsis mandibularis Westwood, 1840
• Solenopsis mellea (Smith, 1859)
  Obsolete combination(s): Myrmica mellea
• Solenopsis paleata (Lund, 1831)
  Obsolete combination(s): Myrmica paleata
• Solenopsis polita (Smith, 1862)
  Obsolete combination(s): Myrmica polita
• Solenopsis saxicola (Buckley, 1867)
  Obsolete combination(s): Myrmica saxicola

Obsolete combinations

• Atta geminata
• Formica geminata

Citations

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