Formica nigra
Linnaeus, 1758:
580 (w.)
SWEDEN.
Palearctic.
Primary type information:
Type-material: neotype worker. Type-locality: “S: B1. Johannishus 1 km NE k: a, RN-03F6f03, 10.08.74, (P. Douwes) DATA ZOOTAX”. Type-depository: ZMLS. (Source: Seifert, 2020a: 63.)
Secondary type information:
Paratype-material: 2 paraneotype workers. Paratype-locality: same as for neotype. Paratype-depository: ZMLS. (Source: Seifert, 2020a: 63.)
Type notes:
Type-locality Sweden, after Linnaeus, 1761: 427.
- Latreille, 1798: 39 (q.m.); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1953c: 148 (l.); Hauschteck, 1962: 219 (k.); Imai & Kubota, 1972: 196 (k.).
- Combination in Lasius: Fabricius, 1804: 415; Mayr, 1861: 49 (in key).
- Combination in Donisthorpea: Morice & Durrant, 1915: 423; Donisthorpe, 1915f: 200.
- Combination in Formicina (Donisthorpea): Emery, 1916a: 240.
- Combination in Acanthomyops: Forel, 1916: 460; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927e: 188.
- Combination in Formicina: Bondroit, 1918: 23.
- Combination in Lasius (Donisthorpea): Nadig, 1918: 340.
- Combination in Acanthomyops (Donisthorpea): Ruzsky, 1920: 78; Kiseleva, 1925: 74; Betrem, 1926: 215; Donisthorpe, 1927a: 8; Donisthorpe, 1950e: 1063.
- Combination in Lasius: Wheeler, 1916o: 172; Ruzsky, 1916: 5; Stitz, 1917: 349; Menozzi, 1921: 32; Müller, 1923b: 124; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929a: 26.
- Combination in Lasius (Lasius): Ruzsky, 1912: 633; Forel, 1915d: 53; Emery, 1924c: 170; Emery, 1925d: 229; Karavaiev, 1936: 201; Wilson, 1955a: 59; Seifert, 2020a: 16.
- Status as species: Linnaeus, 1761: 427; Scopoli, 1763: 313; Linnaeus, 1767: 962; Fabricius, 1775: 392; Forskål, 1775: xxiii; Fabricius, 1782: 489; Retzius, 1783: 75; Geoffroy, 1785: 453; Fabricius, 1787: 308; Razoumowsky, 1789: 225; Christ, 1791: 510; Olivier, 1792: 492; Fabricius, 1793: 352; Latreille, 1798: 39; Fabricius, 1804: 415; Gravenhorst, 1807: 287; Latreille, 1809: 126; Billberg, 1820: 104; Latreille, 1802a: 156; Walckenaer, 1802: 161; Fabricius, 1804: 415; Latreille, 1817a: 99; Lamarck, 1817: 96; Stephens, 1829b: 357; Brullé, 1833: 327; Losana, 1834: 317; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 206; Nylander, 1846a: 920; Smith, 1851: 2; Schenck, 1852: 49; Mayr, 1855: 355 (redescription); Smith, 1855a: 109; Nylander, 1856b: 67; Gredler, 1858: 12; Smith, 1858a: 6, 52; Mayr, 1861: 49 (in key); Meinert, 1861: 318; Roger, 1863b: 11; Mayr, 1863a: 426; Mayr, 1865: 55; Emery, 1869b: 9; Smith, 1871c: 1; Dours, 1873: 165; Smith, 1874b: 403; Forel, 1874: 46 (in key); André, 1874b: 180 (in key); Mayr, 1877a: 6; Emery, 1878a: ix (in list); Emery, 1878: 47; Emery & Forel, 1879: 452; Mayr, 1880: 25; Saunders, 1880: 208; André, 1882c: 192 (in key); Emery, 1882b: 450; Costa, 1883: 60; White, 1884: 254; Mayr, 1886d: 429; Forel, 1886h: 206; Cresson, 1887: 257; Nasonov, 1889: 22; Forel, 1890b: lxvii; Lameere, 1892: 64; Forel, 1892j: 307; Emery, 1892c: 162; Dalla Torre, 1893: 187; Emery, 1893e: 85; Emery, 1893k: 638; Medina, 1893: 105; Forel, 1894c: 404; Forel, 1895e: 227; Ruzsky, 1896: 71; Saunders, 1896: 25; Forel, 1899b: 127; Forel, 1900h: 269, 285; Wheeler, 1900c: 47; Forel, 1901m: 66; Ruzsky, 1902d: 16; Ruzsky, 1903b: 307; Ruzsky, 1903c: 207; Ruzsky, 1904a: 288; Forel, 1904c: 386; Ruzsky, 1905b: 292; Wheeler, 1906h: 321; Wheeler, 1906j: 352; Wasmann, 1906: 114 (in key); Santschi, 1908: 517; Wheeler, 1908i: 622; Bondroit, 1910: 485; Yano, 1910a: 421; Karavaiev, 1912b: 587; Krausse, 1912c: 165; Stitz, 1914: 84; Emery, 1914c: 159; Ruzsky, 1914a: 61; Ruzsky, 1914b: 105; Forel, 1915d: 53 (in key); Donisthorpe, 1915f: 200; Ruzsky, 1916: 5; Stitz, 1917: 349; Wheeler, 1917a: 524; Emery, 1916a: 240; Escherich, 1917: 332 (in key); Bondroit, 1918: 23; Nadig, 1918: 340; Menozzi, 1918: 87; Santschi, 1919e: 246; Ruzsky, 1920: 78; Menozzi, 1922c: 331; Kulmatycki, 1922: 80; Soudek, 1922b: 69; Müller, 1923b: 124; Emery, 1924c: 170; Emery, 1925d: 229; Kiseleva, 1925: 74; Ruzsky, 1925a: 287; Santschi, 1925f: 88; Santschi, 1925g: 349; Lomnicki, 1925b: 2; Soudek, 1925b: 16; Wheeler, 1926a: 5; Betrem, 1926: 215; Karavaiev, 1926e: 193; Menozzi, 1926b: 182; Santschi, 1926f: 288; Stärcke, 1926a: 123 (in key); Donisthorpe, 1927a: 8; Donisthorpe, 1927c: 229; Karavaiev, 1927a: 300; Karavaiev, 1927d: 280 (in key); Karavaiev, 1927e: 347; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927e: 188; Menozzi, 1927b: 91; Wheeler, 1927e: 3; Wheeler, 1927g: 118; Lomnicki, 1928: 8; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1928b: 19; Wheeler, 1928c: 38; Wheeler, 1928d: 120; Wheeler, 1929g: 10; Wheeler, 1929h: 58; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929a: 26; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929b: 37; Karavaiev, 1930b: 147; Wheeler, 1930k: 80; Karavaiev, 1931b: 32; Karavaiev, 1931c: 109; Karavaiev, 1931e: 214; Santschi, 1931a: 10; Soudek, 1931: 13; Gösswald, 1932: 53; Santschi, 1932e: 72; Santschi, 1932h: 5; Teranishi, 1932: 52; Arnol'di, 1933a: 602 (in key); Finzi, 1933: 165; Santschi, 1933a: 22; Stitz, 1934: 8; Grandi, 1935: 103; Karavaiev, 1935b: 108; Zimmermann, 1935: 47; Finzi, 1936: 191; Karavaiev, 1936: 201 (redescription); Ruzsky, 1936: 90; Santschi, 1936c: 208; Santschi, 1939c: 5; Kôno & Sugihara, 1939: 10; Teranishi, 1940: 20; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 101 (in key); Eidmann, 1941a: 24; Santschi, 1941: 277; Holgersen, 1943c: 174 (in key); Stärcke, 1944b: 157 (in key); Holgersen, 1944a: 181; Morisita, 1945: 22; Ruzsky, 1946: 69; Van Boven, 1947b: 185 (in key); Forsslund, 1947: 69; Röszler, 1950: 219; Schmitz, 1950: 14; Creighton, 1950a: 420; Azuma, 1950a: 35; Azuma, 1951: 88; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 202; Consani & Zangheri, 1952: 44; Azuma, 1953: 4; Azuma, 1955: 80; Wellenius, 1955: 15; Wilson, 1955a: 59 (redescription); Ceballos, 1956: 315; Bernard, 1956b: 261; Smith, 1958c: 148; Bernard, 1959a: 351; Collingwood, 1961a: 71; Collingwood, 1962c: 219; Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 63; Baroni Urbani, 1964c: 165; Cagniant, 1964: 92; Cagniant, 1966b: 281; Imai, 1966b: 119; Beck et al., 1967: 70; Bernard, 1967a: 355 (redescription); Yarrow, 1967: 30; Cagniant, 1968a: 146; Kutter, 1968b: 60; Collingwood & Yarrow, 1969: 78; Pisarski, 1969b: 305; Yamauchi & Hayashida, 1970: 503; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1970: 87; Collingwood, 1970b: 380; Cagniant, 1970c: 38; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 205; Collingwood, 1971: 165; Banert & Pisarski, 1972: 353; Bourne, 1973: 24; Baroni Urbani, 1974a: 238; Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 7 (in key); Hunt & Snelling, 1975: 22; Pisarski, 1975: 33; Tarbinsky, 1976: 134 (redescription); Collingwood, 1976a: 305; Azuma, 1977a: 117; Van Boven, 1977: 144; Kutter, 1977c: 227; Yensen et al., 1977: 184; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 555 (in key); Báez & Ortega, 1978: 189; Collingwood, 1978: 89 (in key); Collingwood, 1979: 99; Francoeur & Snelling, 1979: 6; Smith, 1979: 1436; Yamauchi, 1979: 152; Onoyama, 1980a: 199; Barquín, 1981: 448; Pisarski & Krzysztofiak, 1981: 160; Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 439; Collingwood, 1981: 27; Allred, 1982: 481; Collingwood, 1982: 287; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 282 (in key); Nilsson & Douwes, 1987: 70; MacKay et al., 1988: 118; Kupyanskaya, 1990a: 219; Casevitz-Weulersse, 1990c: 430; Le Moli & Rosi, 1991: 36; Morisita et al., 1991: 27; Seifert, 1991b: 71; Seifert, 1992b: 27 (redescription); Wang, 1992: 680; Wu & Wang, 1992c: 1312; Hohmann et al., 1993: 163; Arakelian, 1994: 121; Radchenko, 1994b: 114 (in key); Bolton, 1995b: 224; Douwes, 1995: 94; Poldi et al., 1995: 8; Tang et al., 1995: 110; Wu & Wang, 1995a: 153; Espadaler, 1997g: 28; Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 23 (in key); Gallé et al., 1998: 216; Collingwood & Heatwole, 2002: 12; Czechowski et al., 2002: 100; Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 384; Zhang & Zheng, 2002: 219; Karaman & Karaman, 2003: 54; Lin & Wu, 2003: 61; Csősz & Markó, 2005: 227; Karaman & Karaman, 2005: 57; Ward, 2005: 64; Bračko, 2006: 149; Markó et al., 2006: 68; Petrov, 2006: 69, 107 (in key); Schultz et al., 2006: 205; Bračko, 2007: 20; Pfeiffer et al., 2007: 4; Seifert, 2007: 274; Werner & Wiezik, 2007: 154; Zryanin & Zryanina, 2007: 234; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 136; Borowiec et al., 2009: 378; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 484; Lapeva-Gjonova et al., 2010: 39; Boer, 2010: 43; Csősz et al., 2011: 58; Karaman, 2011b: 88; Legakis, 2011: 27; Borowiec & Salata, 2012: 503; Czechowski et al., 2012: 253; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 33; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 13; Bharti & Gul, 2013a: 57 (in key); Borowiec, 2014: 88 (see note in bibliography); Bračko et al., 2014: 20; Bharti et al., 2016: 28; Lebas et al., 2016: 220; Radchenko, 2016: 360; Steiner et al., 2017: 11; Salata & Borowiec, 2018c: 46; Schär et al., 2018: 6; Seifert, 2018: 273; Werner et al., 2018: 6; Rasheed et al., 2019: 430; Seifert, 2020a: 63.
- Senior synonym of Lasius alienoniger: Wilson, 1955a: 59; Bernard, 1967a: 355; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 206; Van Boven, 1977: 144; Kutter, 1977c: 14; Smith, 1979: 1436; Yamauchi, 1979: 152; Onoyama, 1980a: 199; Arakelian, 1994: 122; Bolton, 1995b: 224; Radchenko, 2016: 360.
- Senior synonym of Lasius emeryi: Wilson, 1955a: 59; Smith, 1979: 1436; Bolton, 1995b: 224.
- Senior synonym of Lasius minimus: Wilson, 1955a: 59; Smith, 1979: 1436; Bolton, 1995b: 224.
- Senior synonym of Lasius nigerrimus: Emery, 1892c: 162; Dalla Torre, 1893: 188; Donisthorpe, 1915f: 200; Emery, 1925d: 230; Donisthorpe, 1927c: 229; Karavaiev, 1936: 202; Bolton, 1995b: 224; Radchenko, 2016: 360.
- Senior synonym of Lasius nitidus: Wilson, 1955a: 59; Smith, 1979: 1436; Bolton, 1995b: 224.
- Senior synonym of Lasius pallescens: Roger, 1859: 238; Mayr, 1861: 49 (in key); Mayr, 1863a: 425; Roger, 1863b: 11; Mayr, 1865: 55; André, 1874c (in list); Emery & Forel, 1879: 452; Dalla Torre, 1893: 189; Donisthorpe, 1915f: 200; Emery, 1925d: 230; Donisthorpe, 1927c: 229; Karavaiev, 1936: 202; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 205; Bolton, 1995b: 224; Radchenko, 2016: 360.
- Senior synonym of Lasius transylvanicus: Wilson, 1955a: 59; Smith, 1979: 1436; Bolton, 1995b: 224.
Obsolete combinations
Current subspecies (nominal plus)
- L. n. pinetorum Ruzsky, 1907
Citations
- Agosti, D.; Collingwood, C. A. 1987a. A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) and a key to the worker caste. I. Synonymic list. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 60:51-62. PDF
- Agosti, D.; Collingwood, C. A. 1987b. A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) with a key to the worker caste. II. Key to the worker caste, including the European species without the Iberian. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 60:261-293. PDF
- Allred, D. M. 1982. Ants of Utah. Great Basin Naturalist 42:415-511.
- André, Ern. 1874b. Description des fourmis d'Europe pour servir à l'étude des insectes myrmécophiles. [part]. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée (3)2:161-192.
- André, Ern. 1874c. Description des fourmis d'Europe pour servir à l'étude des insectes myrmécophiles. [part]. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée (3)2:193-224.
- André, Ern. 1882c. Les fourmis [part]. Pp. 153-232 in: André, Edm. 1882. 1881-1886. Species des Hyménoptères d'Europe et d'Algérie. Tome Deuxième. Beaune: Edmond André, 919 + 48 pp. PDF
- Arakelian, G. R. 1994. Fauna of the Republic of Armenia. Hymenopterous insects. Ants (Formicidae). [In Russian.]. Erevan: Gitutium, 153 pp. PDF
- Arnol'di, K. V. 1933a. Formicidae - ants. [In Russian.]. Pp. 594-605 in: Filip'ev, I. N.; Ogloblin, D. A. (eds.) 1933. Keys to insects. [In Russian.]. Moskva: Ogiz, viii + 820 pp.
- Arnol'di, K. V.; Dlussky, G. M. 1978. Superfam. Formicoidea. 1. Fam. Formicidae - ants. [In Russian.]. Pp. 519-556 in: Medvedev, G. S. (ed.) 1978. Keys to the insects of the European part of the USSR. Vol. 3. Hymenoptera. Part 1. [In Russian.]. Opredeliteli Faune SSSR 119:3-584.
- Azuma, M. 1950a. On the myrmecological-fauna of Tomogashima, Kii Prov., with the description of new genus and new species. [In Japanese.]. Hyogo Biology 1:34-37.
- Azuma, M. 1951. On the myrmecological-fauna of Osaka Prefecture, Japan with description of new species (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). [In Japanese and English.]. Hyogo Biology 1:86-90. PDF
- Azuma, M. 1953. On the myrmecological fauna of Mt. Rokko, Hyogo Prefecture. [In Japanese.]. Warera 2:1-7. PDF
- Azuma, M. 1955. A list of ants (Formicidae) from Hokkaido Is. [In Japanese.]. Hyogo Biology 3:79-80. PDF
- Azuma, M. 1977a. On the myrmecological-fauna of Mt. Rokko, Hyogo, with description of a new species (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). [In Japanese.]. Hyogo Biology 7:112-118. PDF
- Báez, M.; Ortega, G. 1978. Lista preliminar de los Himenópteros de las Islas Canarias. Boletín de la Asociación Española de Entomologia 2:185-199.
- Banert, P.; Pisarski, B. 1972. Mrówki (Formicidae) Sudetów. Fragmenta Faunistica (Warsaw) 18:345-359. PDF
- Baroni Urbani, C. 1964b. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. II. Formiche di Sicilia. Atti dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali (6)16:25-66. PDF
- Baroni Urbani, C. 1964c. Formiche dell'Italia appenninica (Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia, III). Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona 12:149-172. PDF
- Baroni Urbani, C. 1971c. Catalogo delle specie di Formicidae d'Italia (Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia X). Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana 50:5-287. PDF
- Baroni Urbani, C. 1974a. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. XII. Le Isole Pontine. Fragmenta Entomologica 9:225-252. PDF
- Barquín, J. 1981. Las hormigas de Canarias. Taxonomía, ecología y distribución de los Formicidae. Colección Monografías (Secretariado de Publicaciones de la Universidad de La Laguna) 3:1-584.
- Beck, D. E.; Allred, D. M.; Despain, W. J. 1967. Predaceous-scavenger ants in Utah. Great Basin Naturalist 27:67-78.
- Bernard, F. 1956b. Remarques sur le peuplement des Baléares en fourmis. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 47:254-266. PDF
- Bernard, F. 1959a ("1958"). Les fourmis de l'île de Port-Cros. Contribution à l'écologie des anciennes forêts méditerranéennes. Vie Milieu 9:340-360. PDF
- Bernard, F. 1967a ("1968"). Faune de l'Europe et du Bassin Méditerranéen. 3. Les fourmis (Hymenoptera Formicidae) d'Europe occidentale et septentrionale. Paris: Masson, 411 pp. PDF
- Betrem, J. G. 1926. De mierenfauna van Meijendel. Levende Natuur 31:211-220. PDF
- Bharti, H.; Guénard, B.; Bharti, M.; Economo, E. P. 2016. An updated checklist of the ants of India with their specific distributions in Indian states (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 551:1-83. PDF
- Bharti, H.; Gul, I. 2013a. Lasius elevatus, a new ant species of the subgenus Cautolasius (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Indian Himalayas. Asian Myrmecology 5:53-58. PDF
- Billberg, G. J. 1820. Enumeratio insectorum in Museo Gust. Joh. Billberg. Stockholm: Gadel, 138 pp.
- Boer, P. 2010. Mieren van de Benelux. ′s-Graveland, Netherlands: Stichting Jeugdbondsuitgeverij, 183 pp.
- Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp.
- Bolton, B.; Collingwood, C. A. 1975. Handbooks for the identification of British Insects. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 6(3(c)):1-34.
- Bondroit, J. 1910 ("1909"). Les fourmis de Belgique. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 53:479-500. PDF
- Bondroit, J. 1918. Les fourmis de France et de Belgique. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 87:1-174. PDF
- Borowiec, L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25 (1-2):1-340. PDF
- Borowiec, L.; Salata, S. 2012. Ants of Greece – checklist, comments and new faunistic data (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 23 (4):461-563. PDF
- Borowiec, M. L.; Borowiec, L.; Csősz, S.; Radchenko, A. 2009. Ants collected during 2006 Polish expedition to Kyrgyzstan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 20:367-379. PDF
- Bourne, R. A. 1973. A taxonomic study of the ant genus Lasius Fabricius in the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Entomology. Series B 42:17-27. PDF
- Bračko, G. 2006. Review of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Croatia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica 14 (2):131-156. PDF
- Bračko, G. 2007. Checklist of the ants of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Natura Sloveniae 9 (1):15-24. PDF
- Bračko, G.; Wagner, H. C.; Schulz, A.; Gioahin, E.; Matičič, J.; Tratnik, A. 2014. New investigation and a revised checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Republic of Macedonia. North-Western Journal of Zoology 10 (1):10-24. PDF
- Brullé, G. A. 1833 ("1832"). Expédition scientifique de Morée. Section des sciences physiques. Tome III. Partie 1. Zoologie. Deuxième section - Des animaux articulés. [part]. Paris: Levrault, pp. 289-336. PDF
- Cagniant, H. 1964 ("1962"). Étude de quelques fourmis marocaines. Statistique provisoire des Formicidae du Maroc. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord 53:83-118. PDF
- Cagniant, H. 1966b. Note sur le peuplement en fourmis d'une montagne de la région d'Alger, l'Atlas de Blida. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 102:278-284. PDF
- Cagniant, H. 1968a. Liste préliminaire de fourmis forestières d'Algérie. Résultats obtenus de 1963 à 1966. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 104:138-147. PDF
- Cagniant, H. 1970c. Deuxième liste de fourmis d'Algérie, récoltées principalement en forêt (Deuxième partie). Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 106:28-40. PDF
- Casevitz-Weulersse, J. 1990c. Étude systématique de la myrmécofaune corse (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) (Deuxième partie). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Section A. Zoologie, Biologie et Écologie Animales (4)12:415-442. PDF
- Casevitz-Weulersse, J.; Galkowski, C. 2009. Liste actualisée des fourmis de France (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 114:475-510. PDF
- Ceballos, G. 1956. Catálogo de los Himenópteros de España. Madrid: Instituto Español de Entomología, 554 pp.
- Chapman, J. W.; Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monographs of the Institute of Science and Technology. Manila 1:1-327. PDF
- Christ, J. L. 1791. Naturgeschichte, Klassification und Nomenclatur der Insekten vom Bienen, Wespen und Ameisengeschlecht. Frankfurt: Hermann, 535 pp. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1961a ("1960"). The third Danish Expedition to Central Asia. Zoological Results 27. Formicidae (Insecta) from Afghanistan. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening 123:51-79. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1962c. Some ants (Hym. Formicidae) from north-east Asia. Entomologisk Tidskrift 83:215-230. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1970b. Formicidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) from Nepal. Khumbu Himal. Ergebnisse des Forschungsunternehmens Nepal Himalaya 3:371-387.
- Collingwood, C. A. 1971. A synopsis of the Formicidae of north Europe. Entomologist 104:150-176. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1976a. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from North Korea. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 68:295-309. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1978. A provisional list of Iberian Formicidae with a key to the worker caste (Hym. Aculeata). EOS. Revista Española de Entomología 52:65-95. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1979. The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8:1-174. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1981. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Korea, 2. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 42[34]:25-30. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A. 1982. Himalayan ants of the genus Lasius (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology 7:283-296. PDF
- Collingwood, C. A.; Yarrow, I. H. H. 1969. A survey of Iberian Formicidae (Hymenoptera). EOS. Revista Española de Entomología 44:53-101. PDF
- Collingwood, C.; Heatwole, H. 2002 ("2000"). Ants from northwestern China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Psyche (Cambridge) 103:1-24. PDF
- Collingwood, C.; Prince, A. 1998. A guide to ants of continental Portugal (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia. Suplemento 5:1-49.
- Consani, M.; Zangheri, P. 1952. Fauna di Romagna. Imenotteri - Formicidi. Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana 31:38-48. PDF
- Costa, A. 1883. Notizie ed osservazioni sulla geo-fauna Sarda. Memoria seconda. Risultamento di ricerche fatte in Sardegna nella primavera del 1882. Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche. Napoli (2)1(2):1-109.
- Creighton, W. S. 1950a. The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 104:1-585. PDF
- Cresson, E. T. Sr. 1887. Synopsis of the families and genera of the Hymenoptera of America, north of Mexico, together with a catalogue of the described species, and bibliography. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, Suppl. Vol. 1887:1-351. PDF
- Csősz, S.; Markó, B. 2005. European ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the ant collection of the Natural History Museum of Sibiu (Hermannstadt/Nagyszeben), Romania II. Subfamily Formicinae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 97:225-240. PDF
- Csősz, S.; Markó, B.; Gallé, L. 2011. The myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Hungary: an updated checklist. North-Western Journal of Zoology 7 (1):55-62. PDF
- Czechowski, W.; Radchenko, A.; Czechowska, W. 2002. The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Poland. Warsaw: Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 200 pp. PDF
- Czechowski, W.; Radchenko, A.; Czechowska, W.; Vepsäläinen, K. 2012. The ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Poland with reference to the myrmecofauna of Europe. (Fauna Poloniae n.s. 4). Warsaw: Natura Optima Dux Foundation, 496 pp.
- Dalla Torre, K. W. 1893. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. 7. Formicidae (Heterogyna). Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 289 pp. PDF
- Dlussky, G. M.; Pisarski, B. 1970. Formicidae aus der Mongolei. Ergebnisse der Mongolisch-Deutschen Biologischen Expeditionen seit 1962, Nr. 46. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 46:85-90. PDF
- Donisthorpe, H. 1915f. British ants, their life-history and classification. Plymouth: Brendon & Son Ltd., xv + 379 pp. PDF
- Donisthorpe, H. 1927a. The ants (Formicidae), and some myrmecophiles, of Sicily. [concl.]. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 39:6-9. PDF
- Donisthorpe, H. 1927c. British ants, their life history and classification (2nd edn.). London: G. Routledge and Sons, xvi + 436 pp.
- Donisthorpe, H. 1950e. A first instalment of the ants of Turkey. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (12)3:1057-1067. PDF
- Dours, J. A. 1873. Catalogue synonymique des Hyménoptères de France. Mémoires de la Société Linnéenne de Nord de la France 3:1-230. PDF
- Douwes, P. 1995. Sveriges myror. Entomologisk Tidskrift 116:83-99.
- Eidmann, H. 1941a. Zur Ökologie und Zoogeographie der Ameisenfauna von Westchina und Tibet. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der 2. Brooke Dolan-Expedition 1934-1935. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere 38:1-43. PDF
- Emery, C. 1869b. Enumerazione dei formicidi che rinvengonsi nei contorni di Napoli con descrizioni di specie nuove o meno conosciute. Annali dell'Accademia degli Aspiranti Naturalisti. Secunda Era 2:1-26. PDF
- Emery, C. 1878. Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte seconda. Formiche dell'Europa e delle regioni limitrofe in Africa e in Asia. Dummy reference. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 12:43-59.
- Emery, C. 1878a. Liste des fourmis de la collection de feu Camille van Volxem, avec la description d'une espèce nouvelle. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 21:viii-x. PDF
- Emery, C. 1882b. Le crociere dell'yacht "Corsaro" del capitano armatore Enrico d'Albertis. II. Formiche. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 18:448-452. PDF
- Emery, C. 1892c ("1891"). Note sinonimiche sulle formiche. Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 23:159-167. PDF
- Emery, C. 1893e. Voyage de M. Ch. Alluaud aux îles Canaries. Formicides. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 62:81-88. PDF
- Emery, C. 1893k. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 7:633-682. PDF
- Emery, C. 1914c. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Bearbeitung von O. Leonhard's Sammlungen. 5. Südeuropäische Ameisen (Hym.). Entomologische Mitteilungen. Berlin-Dahlem 3:156-159. PDF
- Emery, C. 1916a ("1915"). Fauna entomologica italiana. I. Hymenoptera.-Formicidae. Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 47:79-275. PDF
- Emery, C. 1924c. Formiche di Spagna raccolte dal Prof. Filippo Silvestri. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 17:164-171. PDF
- Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183:1-302. PDF
- Emery, C.; Forel, A. 1879. Catalogue des Formicides d'Europe. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 5:441-481. PDF
- Escherich, K. 1917. Die Ameise, Schilderung ihrer Lebensweise. Zweite verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage. Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn, xvi + 348 pp.
- Espadaler, X. 1997g. Catàleg de les formigues (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) dels països catalans. Sessió d'Entomologia ICHN-SCL 9:23-42. PDF
- Fabricius, J. C. 1775. Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg and Leipzig]: Korte, 832 pp. PDF
- Fabricius, J. C. 1782 ("1781"). Species insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma, auctorum loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome I. Hamburgi et Kilonii [= Hamburg and Kiel]: C. E. Bohn, 552 pp.
- Fabricius, J. C. 1787. Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus, genericis, differentiis, specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Tome I. Hafniae [= Copenhagen]: C. G. Proft, 348 pp. PDF
- Fabricius, J. C. 1793. Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonimis, locis observationibus, descriptionibus. Tome 2. Hafniae [= Copenhagen]: C. G. Proft, 519 pp. PDF
- Fabricius, J. C. 1804. Systema Piezatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunswick: C. Reichard, xiv + 15-439 + 30 pp. PDF
- Finzi, B. 1933. Raccolte entomologiche nell'Isola di Capraia fatte da C. Mancini e F. Capra (1927-1931). II. Formicidae. Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana 11:162-165. PDF
- Finzi, B. 1936. Risultati scientifici della spedizione di S. A. S. il Principe Alessandro della Torre e Tasso nell'Egitto e peninsola del Sinai. XI. Formiche. Bulletin. Société Entomologique d'Egypte 20:155-210. PDF
- Forel, A. 1874. Les fourmis de la Suisse. Systématique, notices anatomiques et physiologiques, architecture, distribution géographique, nouvelles expériences et observations de moeurs. Neue Denkschriften der Allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften 26:1-452. PDF
- Forel, A. 1886h. Études myrmécologiques en 1886. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 30:131-215. PDF
- Forel, A. 1890b. Fourmis de Tunisie et de l'Algérie orientale. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 34:lxi-lxxvi. PDF
- Forel, A. 1892j. Die Ameisenfauna Bulgariens. (Nebst biologischen Beobachtungen.). Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 42:305-318. PDF
- Forel, A. 1894c. Les Formicides de l'Empire des Indes et de Ceylan. Part IV. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 8:396-420. PDF
- Forel, A. 1895e. Südpalaearctische Ameisen. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 9:227-234. PDF
- Forel, A. 1899b. Formicidae. [part]. Biologia Centrali-Americana Hym. 3:1-24. PDF
- Forel, A. 1900h. Fourmis du Japon. Nids en toile. Strongylognathus Huberi et voisins. Fourmilière triple. Cyphomyrmex Wheeleri. Fourmis importées. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 10:267-287. PDF
- Forel, A. 1901m. Formiciden des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Hamburg. Neue Calyptomyrmex-, Dacryon-, Podomyrma- und Echinopla-Arten. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 18:43-82. PDF
- Forel, A. 1904c ("1903"). Note sur les fourmis du Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences à St. Pétersbourg. Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskago Muzeya 8:368-388. PDF
- Forel, A. 1915d. Fauna insectorum helvetiae. Hymenoptera. Formicidae. Die Ameisen der Schweiz. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 12(Beilage):1-77.
- Forel, A. 1916. Fourmis du Congo et d'autres provenances récoltées par MM. Hermann Kohl, Luja, Mayné, etc. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 24:397-460. PDF
- Forskål, P. 1775. Descriptiones animalium, avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; quae in itinere orientali observavit Petrus Forskål. Post mortum auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Hauniae [= Copenhagen]: Moeller, xxxiv + 164 pp.
- Forsslund, K.-H. 1947. Svenska myror. 1-10. Entomologisk Tidskrift 68:67-80. PDF
- Francoeur, A.; Snelling, R. R. 1979. Notes for a revision of the ant genus Formica. 2. Reidentifications for some specimens from the T. W. Cook collection and new distribution data (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) 309:1-7. PDF
- Gallé, L.; Csősz, S.; Tartally, A.; Kovács, E. 1998. A check-list of Hungarian ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 59:213-220.
- Geoffroy, E. L. 1785. [Untitled. Descriptions of new taxa, attributable to Geoffroy.]. In: Fourcroy, A. F. de 1785. Entomologia parisiensis, sive catalogus insectorum quae in agro parisiensi reperiuntur. Pars secunda. Paris: Via et Aedibus Serpentineis, [1] + pp. 233-544.
- Gösswald, K. 1932. Ökologische Studien über die Ameisenfauna des mittleren Maingebietes. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 142:1-156. PDF
- Grandi, G. 1935. Contributi alla conoscenza degli Imenotteri Aculeati. XV. Bollettino [del Reale Istituto] dell'Istituto di Entomologia della Università degli Studi di Bologna 8:27-121. PDF
- Gratiashvili, N.; Barjadze, S. 2008. Checklist of the ants (Formicidae Latreille, 1809) of Georgia. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology (Tbilisi) 23:130-146. PDF
- Gravenhorst, J. L. C. 1807. Vergleichende Uebersicht des Linnéischen und einiger neueren zoologischen Systeme. Göttingen: Dieterich, 20 + 476 pp. PDF
- Gredler, V. M. 1858. Die Ameisen von Tirol.. Achtes Programm des Gymnasiums in Bozen. Bozen: Ebersche Buchdruckerei, 1-34. PDF
- Guénard, B.; Dunn, R. R. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3358:1-77. PDF
- Hauschteck, E. 1962. Die Chromosomen einiger in der Schweiz vorkommender Ameisenarten. Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich 107:213-220. PDF
- Hohmann, H.; La Roche, F.; Ortega, G.; Barquín, J. 1993. Bienen, Wespen und Ameisen der Kanarischen Inseln. Veröffentlichungen aus dem Überseemuseum Bremen. Naturwissenschaften 12:14-712.
- Holgersen, H. 1943c. Bestemmelsestabell over norske maur (Hym., Formicidae). Norsk Entomologisk Tidsskrift 6:164-182. PDF
- Holgersen, H. 1944a. The ants of Norway (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Nytt Magasin for Naturvidenskapene 84:165-203. PDF
- Hunt, J. H.; Snelling, R. R. 1975. A checklist of the ants of Arizona. Journal of the Arizona Academy of Science 10:20-23. PDF
- Imai, H. T. 1966b. The chromosome observation techniques of ants and the chromosomes of Formicinae and Myrmicinae. Acta Hymenopterologica 2:119-131. PDF
- Imai, H. T.; Kubota, M. 1972. Karyological studies of Japanese ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) III. Karyotypes of nine species in Ponerinae, Formicinae and Myrmicinae. Chromosoma (Berlin) 37:193-200. PDF
- Karaman, G. S.; Karaman, M. G. 2005. New data on myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Montenegro (Serbia & Montenegro). The Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. Glasnik of the Section of Natural Sciences 16:51-68. PDF
- Karaman, M. G. 2011b. A catalogue of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Montenegro [in Montenegrin]. Podgorica: Catalogues 3, Volume 2, Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, 140 pp. PDF
- Karaman, M. G.; Karaman, G. S. 2003. Contribution to the knowledge of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Serbia. The Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. Glasnik of the Section of Natural Sciences 15:39-58. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1912b. Ameisen aus dem paläarktischen Faunengebiete. Russkoe Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 12:581-596. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1926e. Beiträge zur Ameisenfauna des Kaukasus, nebst einigen Bemerkungen über andere palaearktische Formen. (Schluss). Konowia 5:187-199. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1927a ("1926"). Übersicht der Ameisenfauna der Krim nebst einigen Neubeschreibungen. Konowia 5:281-303. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1927d. The ant fauna of Ukraine. [In Ukrainian.]. Zbirnyk Prats' Zoolohichnoho Muzeyu 2:1-52 [= Trudy. Ukrains'ka Akademiya Nauk. Fizichno-Matematichnoho Viddilu 4:247-296].
- Karavaiev, V. 1927e. Ameisen aus dem paläarktischen Gebiet. II. Zbirnyk Prats' Zoolohichnoho Muzeyu 2:89-104 [= Trudy. Ukrains'ka Akademiya Nauk. Fizichno-Matematichnoho Viddilu 4:333-348]. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1930b. Beitrag zur Ameisenfauna der schwedischen Inseln Gotland und Oeland. Zbirnyk Prats' Zoolohichnoho Muzeyu 8:5-46 [= Trudy. Vseukrains'ka Akademiya Nauk. Fizichno-Matematichnoho Viddilu 15:109-150]. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1931b. Beitrag zur Ameisenfauna der Umgebung des Baikalsees. Zoologischer Anzeiger 93:28-32. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1931c. Beitrag zur Ameisenfauna Jakutiens. (Auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse der Expeditionen der Wissenschaften der UdSSR., ausgeführt in den Jahren 1925 und 1926.). Zoologischer Anzeiger 94:104-117. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1931e. Uebersicht der Ameisenfauna von Schweden. Zbirnyk Prats' Zoolohichnoho Muzeyu 10:207-220 [= Trudy. Vseukrains'ka Akademiya Nauk. Pryrodnycho-Technichnoho Viddilu 5:207-220]. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1935b. Contribution to the ant fauna of Mariupols'kaya Province. [In Ukrainian.]. Zbirnyk Prats' Zoolohichnoho Muzeyu 16:107-111. PDF
- Karavaiev, V. 1936. The fauna of the family Formicidae (ants) of the Ukraine. Part II (conclusion). [In Ukrainian.]. Trudy Instytutu Zoolohii ta Biolohii Ukrains'koi Akademii Nauk. Seriya 1. Pratsi z Systematyky ta Faunistyky 1936:161-316.
- Kiran, K.; Karaman, C. 2012. First annotated checklist of the ant fauna of Turkey (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 3548:1-38. PDF
- Kiseleva, E. F. 1925. On the ant fauna of the Ussuri region. [In Russian.]. Izvestiya Tomskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta 75:73-75. PDF
- Kôno, H.; Sugihara, Y. 1939. The ants of fir and pine forests in Japan. [In Japanese.]. Transactions of the Kansai Entomological Society 8:8-14. PDF
- Krausse, A. H. 1912c. Ueber sardische Ameisen. Archiv für Naturgeschichte (A)78(7):162-166. PDF
- Kulmatycki, W. 1922. Przycznek do fauny mrówek Wielkopolski i Pomorza. Sprawozdania Komisji Fizjograficznej oraz Materjaly do Fizjografji Kraju 55-56:71-86. PDF
- Kupyanskaya, A. N. 1990a. Ants of the Far Eastern USSR. [In Russian.]. Vladivostok: Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 258 pp.
- Kutter, H. 1968b ("1969"). Die sozialparasitischen Ameisen der Schweiz. Neujahrsblatt. Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Zürich 171:1-62. PDF
- Kutter, H. 1977c. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Insecta Helvetica. Fauna 6:1-298.
- Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, N. N. 1927e. Contributions to the knowledge of the myrmecology of Turkestan. III. [In Russian.]. Russkoe Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 21:186-196. PDF
- Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, N. N. 1928b. Ants of the South Ussuri Region. [In Russian.]. Zapiski Vladivostokskogo Otdela Gosudarstvennogo Russkogo Geograficheskogo Obshchvestva 1(18):1-47. PDF
- Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, N. N. 1929a. Die Ameisen des Süd-Ussuri-Gebietes. Zoologischer Anzeiger 83:16-34. PDF
- Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, N. N. 1929b. Die Ameisenfauna Daghestans. Zoologischer Anzeiger 83:34-45. PDF
- Lamarck, J. B. P. A. 1817. Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome 4. Paris: Verdière, 603 pp. PDF
- Lameere, A. 1892. Note sur les fourmis de la Belgique. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 36:61-69.
- Lapeva-Gjonova, A.; Antonova, V.; Radchenko, A. G.; Atanasova, M. 2010. Catalogue of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Bulgaria. ZooKeys 62:1-124. PDF
- Latreille, P. A. 1798. Essai sur l'histoire des fourmis de la France. Brive: F. Bourdeaux, 50 pp. PDF
- Latreille, P. A. 1802a. Histoire naturelle des fourmis, et recueil de mémoires et d'observations sur les abeilles, les araignées, les faucheurs, et autres insectes. Paris: Impr. Crapelet (chez T. Barrois), xvi + 445 pp. PDF
- Latreille, P. A. 1809. Genera crustaceorum et insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, iconibus exemplisque plurimus explicata. Tomus 4. Parisiis et Argentorati [= Paris and Strasbourg]: A. Koenig, 399 pp. PDF
- Latreille, P. A. 1817a. Fourmi. Pp. 51-100 in: Société de Naturalistes et d'Agriculteurs 1817. Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle. Nouvelle édition. Tome XII. Paris: Déterville, 608 pp.
- Le Moli, F.; Rosi, M. R. 1991. Ricerche corologiche sulla mirmecofauna dell'Umbria. I. L'Appennino Spoletino. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 132:25-40.
- Lebas, C.; Galkowski, C.; Blatrix, R.; Wegnez, P. 2016. Guide Delachaux: Fourmis d’Europe occidentale. Luçon: Delachaux et Niestlé, 415 pp.
- Legakis, A. 2011. Annotated list of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Greece. Hellenic Zoological Archives 7:1-55. PDF
- Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, A. 1835 ("1836"). Histoire naturelle des insectes. Hyménoptères. Tome I. Paris: Roret, 547 pp. PDF
- Lin, C.-C.; Wu, W.-J. 2003. The ant fauna of Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with keys to subfamilies and genera. [In Chinese.]. Guoli Taiwan Bowuguan Niankan 46:5-69.
- Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiae [= Stockholm]: L. Salvii, 824 pp. PDF
- Linnaeus, C. 1761. Fauna suecica sistens animalia Sueciae regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes. Editio altera, auctior. Stockholmiae [=Stockholm]: L. Salvii, 48 + 578 pp. PDF
- Linnaeus, C. 1767. Systema naturae, per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum caracteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Pars 2. Editio duodecima, reformata. Holmiae [= Stockholm]: L. Salvii, pp. 533-1327. PDF
- Lomnicki, J. 1925b. Une contribution à la connaissance de la faune des fourmis des îles Baléares. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 4:1-3. PDF
- Lomnicki, J. 1928. Spis mrówek Lwowa i okolicy. Ksiega Pamiatkowa 50-lecia Gimnazjum IV im. Jana Dlugosza we Lwowie 50:1-10. PDF
- Losana, M. 1834. Saggio sopra le formiche indigene del Piemonte. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino 37:307-333. PDF
- MacKay, W. P.; Lowrie, D.; Fisher, A.; MacKay, E. E.; Barnes, F. 1988. The ants of Los Alamos County, New Mexico (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pp. 79-131 in: Trager, J. C. (ed.) 1988. Advances in myrmecology. Leiden: E. J. Brill, xxvii + 551 pp. PDF
- Mackay, W.; Mackay, E. 2002. The ants of New Mexico (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 400 pp. PDF
- Markó, B.; Sipos, B.; Csősz, S.; Kiss, K.; Boros, I.; Gallé, L. 2006. A comprehensive list of the ants of Romania (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecologische Nachrichten 9:65-76. PDF
- Mayr, G. 1855. Formicina austriaca. Beschreibung der bisher im österreichischen Kaiserstaate aufgefundenen Ameisen, nebst Hinzufügung jener in Deutschland, in der Schweiz und in Italien vorkommenden Arten. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Vereins in Wien 5:273-478. PDF
- Mayr, G. 1861. Die europäischen Formiciden. Nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet. Wien: C. Gerolds Sohn, 80 pp. PDF
- Mayr, G. 1863a. Formicidarum index synonymicus. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 13:385-460. PDF
- Mayr, G. 1865. Formicidae. In: Novara Expedition 1865. Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte "Novara" um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859. Zoologischer Theil. Bd. II. Abt. 1. Wien: K. Gerold's Sohn, 119 pp. PDF
- Mayr, G. 1877a. Formicidae. [In Russian.]. In: Fedchenko, A. P. 1877. Travels in Turkestan. Vol. 2, Div. 5, No. 7. [In Russian.]. Izvestiya Imperatorskago Obshchestva Lyubitelei Estestvoznaniya Antropologii i Etnografii pri Imperatorskom Moskovskom Universitete 26:i-iii, 1-20 (+1).
- Mayr, G. 1880. Die Ameisen Turkestan's, gesammelt von A. Fedtschenko. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 23:17-40. PDF
- Mayr, G. 1886d. Die Formiciden der Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 36:419-464. PDF
- Medina, M. 1893. Formicidos de Pozuelo de Calatrava (Ciudad-Real). Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural (Actas) (2)1[=21]:104-105. PDF
- Meinert, F. 1861. Bidrag til de danske Myrers Naturhistorie. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter (5)5:273-340. PDF
- Menozzi, C. 1918. Primo contributo alla conoscenza della fauna mirmecologica del Modenese. Atti della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena (5)4:81-88. PDF
- Menozzi, C. 1921. Formiche dei dintorni di Sambiase di Calabria. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 15:24-32. PDF
- Menozzi, C. 1922c. Contribution à la faune myrmécologique de l'Espagne. Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural 22:324-332. PDF
- Menozzi, C. 1926b. Zur Kenntnis der Ameisenfauna der Balearen. Zoologischer Anzeiger 66:180-182. PDF
- Menozzi, C. 1927b. Beitrag zur Ameisenfauna des nördlichen und östlichen Spaniens. Aufzählung der von den Herren Dr. F. Haas (1914-1919) und Prof. A. Seitz (1923) gesammelten Arten. Senckenbergiana 9:89-92. PDF
- Morice, F. D.; Durrant, J. H. 1915. The authorship and first publication of the "Jurinean" genera of Hymenoptera: being a reprint of a long-lost work by Panzer, with a translation into English, an introduction, and bibliographical and critical notes. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1914:339-436. PDF
- Morisita, M. 1945. Ants of the southern part of Hokkaido, Japan. [In Japanese.]. Mushi 16:21-28. PDF
- Morisita, M.; Kubota, M.; Onoyama, K.; Ogata, K.; Terayama, M.; Yamauchi, K.; Sonobe, R.; Kondoh, M.; Imai, H. T. 1991. A guide for the identification of Japanese ants. II. Dolichoderinae and Formicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). [In Japanese.]. Tokyo: Myrmecological Society of Japan, 56 pp.
- Müller, G. 1923b. Le formiche della Venezia Guilia e della Dalmazia. Bollettino della Società Adriatica di Scienze Naturali in Trieste 28:11-180. PDF
- Nadig, A. 1918. Alcune note sulla fauna dell'alta Valsesia. Formicidae. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 56:331-341. PDF
- Nasonov, N. V. 1889. Contribution to the natural history of the ants primarily of Russia. 1. Contribution to the ant fauna of Russia. [In Russian.]. Izvestiya Imperatorskago Obshchestva Lyubitelei Estestvoznaniya Antropologii i Etnografii pri Imperatorskom Moskovskom Universitete 58:1-78.
- Nilsson, O.; Douwes, P. 1987. Norrländska myror med bestämningstabell till arbetarna. Natur i Norr 6:49-90.
- Novák, V.; Sadil, J. 1941. Klíc k urcování mravencu strední Evropy se zvlástním zretelem k mravencí zvírene Cech a Moravy. Entomologické Listy 4:65-115. PDF
- Nylander, W. 1846a. Adnotationes in monographiam formicarum borealium Europae. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 2:875-944. PDF
- Nylander, W. 1856b. Synopsis des Formicides de France et d'Algérie. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie (4)5:51-109. PDF
- Olivier, A. G. 1792. Encyclopédie méthodique. Histoire naturelle. Insectes. Tome 6. (pt. 2). Paris: Panckoucke, pp. 369-704.
- Onoyama, K. 1980a. An introduction to the ant fauna of Japan, with a check list (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Kontyû 48:193-212. PDF
- Petrov, I. 2006. The ants of Serbia and Montenegro. [In Serbian.]. Posebna Izdanja. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti 656:1-136. PDF
- Pfeiffer, M.; Schultz, R.; Radchenko, A.; Yamane, S.; Woyciechowski, M.; Aibek, U.; Seifert, B. 2007. A critical checklist of the ants of Mongolia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 55:1-8. PDF
- Pisarski, B. 1969b. 175. Myrmicidae und Formicidae. Ergebnisse der zoologischen Forschungen von Dr. Z. Kaszab in der Mongolei (Hymenoptera). Faunistische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 2(29):295-316.
- Pisarski, B. 1975. Mrówki Formicoidea. Katalog Fauny Polski 26:3-85.
- Pisarski, B.; Krzysztofiak, L. 1981. Myrmicidae und Formicidae (Hymenoptera) aus der Mongolei, II. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 42:155-166. PDF
- Poldi, B.; Mei, M.; Rigato, F. 1995 ("1994"). Hymenoptera Formicidae. Checklist delle Specie della Fauna Italiana 102:1-10.
- Radchenko, A. G. 1994b. Identification table for the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of southern Siberia. [In Russian.]. Pp. 95-118 in: Kotenko, A. G. (ed.) 1994. Hymenopterous insects of Siberia and the Far East. [In Russian.]. Trudy Zapovednika "Daurskii" 3:1-147.
- Radchenko, A. G. 2016. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Ukraine. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kiev: I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, 496 pp.
- Rasheed, M. T.; Bodlah, I.; Fareen, A. G.; Wachkoo, A. A.; Huang, X.; Akbar, S. A. 2019. A Checklist of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Pakistan. Sociobiology 66:426-439. 10.13102/sociobiology.v66i3.4330 PDF
- Razoumowsky, G. de 1789. Histoire naturelle du Jorat et de ses environs; et celle des trois lacs de Neufchatel, Morat et Bienne. Tome premier. Lausanne: J. Mourer, xvi + 322 pp.
- Retzius, A. J. 1783. Caroli de Geer. Genera et species insectorum e generosissimi auctoris scriptis extraxit, digessit, Latine quoad partem reddidit, et terminologiam insectorum Linneanam addidit. Lipsiae [= Leipzig]: Cruse, 220 pp. PDF
- Roger, J. 1859. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Ameisenfauna der Mittelmeerländer. I. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 3:225-259. PDF
- Roger, J. 1863b. Verzeichniss der Formiciden-Gattungen und Arten. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 7(Beilage):1-65. PDF
- Röszler, P. 1950. Die Ameisenwelt des Nagy Pietrosz, 2305 m (Ungarn) und Umgebung. Zoologischer Anzeiger 145:210-225. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1896. Verzeichniss der Ameisen des östlichen Russlands und des Uralgebirges. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 41:67-74. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1902d. Material on the ant fauna of the Caucasus and the Crimea. [In Russian.]. Protokoly Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei pri Imperatorskom Kazanskom Universitete 206(suppl.):1-33. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1903b. Essay on the myrmecofauna of the Kirghiz steppe. [In Russian.]. Trudy Russkago Entomologicheskago Obshchestva 36:294-316. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1903c. Ants of the Transbaikalian region. [In Russian.]. Russkoe Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 3:205-207. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1904a. On ants from Archangel province. [In Russian.]. Zapiski Imperatorskago Russkago Geograficheskago Obshchestva po Obshchei Geografii 41:287-294. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1905b. The ants of Russia. (Formicariae Imperii Rossici). Systematics, geography and data on the biology of Russian ants. Part I. [In Russian.]. Trudy Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei pri Imperatorskom Kazanskom Universitete 38(4-6):1-800.
- Ruzsky, M. 1912. Myrmecological notes. [In Russian.]. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskago Veterinarnago Instituta 29:629-636. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1914a ("1913"). Myrmekologische Notizen. Archiv für Naturgeschichte (A)79(9):58-63. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1914b. Ants of Surgut district, Tobolsk province. [In Russian.]. Russkoe Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 14:100-105. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1916. On zoological research in Yeniseisk province, work of summer of 1915. [In Russian.]. Izvestiya Imperatorskago Tomskago Universiteta 65(3rd part):1-21.
- Ruzsky, M. 1920. Ants of Kamchatka. [In Russian.]. Izvestiya Instituta Issledovaniya Sibiri 2:76-80. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1925a. Material on the fauna of the spa "Karachinskoe Ozero". [In Russian.]. Izvestiya Tomskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta 75:283-290. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1936. Ants of the Transbaikal region. [In Russian.]. Trudy Biologicheskogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Instituta Tomskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta 2:89-97. PDF
- Ruzsky, M. 1946. Ants of Tomsk province and contiguous localities. [In Russian.]. Trudy Tomskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta 97:69-72. PDF
- Salata, S.; Borowiec, L. 2018c. Taxonomic and faunistic notes on Greek ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom, Entomology 27 (008):1-51. 10.5281/zenodo.2199191 PDF
- Santschi, F. 1908. Nouvelles fourmis de l'Afrique du Nord (Égypte, Canaries, Tunisie). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 77:517-534. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1919e. Fourmis d'Espagne et des Canaries. Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural 19:241-248. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1925f. Contribution à la faune myrmécologique de la Chine. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 56:81-96. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1925g. Fourmis d'Espagne et autres espèces paléarctiques (Hymenopt.). EOS. Revista Española de Entomología 1:339-360. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1926f. Travaux scientifiques de l'Armée d'Orient (1916-1918). Fourmis. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 32:286-293. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1931a. Inventa entomologica itineris Hispanici et Maroccani, quod a. 1926 fecerunt Harald et Håkan Lindberg. Fourmis du Bassin Méditerranéen occidental et du Maroc récoltées par MM. Lindberg. Commentationes Biologicae 3(14):1-13.
- Santschi, F. 1932e. Liste de fourmis d'Espagne recueilliés par Mr. J. M. Dusmet. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica de España 15:69-74. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1932h. Fourmis du Portugal. Memórias e Estudos do Museu Zoológico da Universidade de Coimbra. Série 1. Zoologia Sistemática 59:1-3. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1933a. Voyage de MM. L. Chopard et A. Méquignon aux Açores. V. Fourmis. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 102:21-22. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1936c. Liste et descriptions de fourmis du Maroc. Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc 16:198-210. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1939c. Trois notes sur quelques fourmis du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique. Bulletin du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique 15(14):1-15. PDF
- Santschi, F. 1941. Quelques fourmis japonaises inédites. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 18:273-279. PDF
- Saunders, E. 1880. Synopsis of the British Heterogyna and fossorial Hymenoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1880:201-304. PDF
- Saunders, E. 1896. The Hymenoptera Aculeata of the British islands. A descriptive account of the families, genera, and species indigenous to Great Britain and Ireland, with notes as to habits, localities, habitats, etc. London: L. Reeve & Co., 391 pp. PDF
- Schär, S.; Talavera, G.; Espadaler, X.; Rana, J. D.; Andersen, A. A.; Cover, S. P.; Vila, R. 2018. Do Holarctic ant species exist? Trans-Beringian dispersal and homoplasy in the Formicidae. Journal of Biogeography 00:1-12. 10.1111/jbi.13380 PDF
- Schembri, S. P.; Collingwood, C. A. 1981. A revision of the myrmecofauna of the Maltese Islands (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" 83:417-442. PDF
- Schenck, C. F. 1852. Beschreibung nassauischer Ameisenarten. Jahrbuch des Vereins für Naturkunde im Herzogthum Nassau. Wiesbaden 8:1-149. PDF
- Schmitz, H. 1950. Formicidae quaedam a cl. A. Stärcke determinatae, quas in Lusitania collegit. Brotéria. Serie Ciencias Naturais 19:12-16. PDF
- Schultz, R.; Radchenko, A.; Seifert, B. 2006. A critical checklist of the ants of Kyrgyzstan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecologische Nachrichten 8:201-207. PDF
- Scopoli, J. A. 1763. Entomologia carniolica exhibens insecta Carnioliae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnaeana. Vindobonae [=Vienna]: J. Trattner, xxxvi + 420 pp. PDF
- Seifert, B. 1991b. Lasius platythorax n. sp., a widespread sibling species of Lasius niger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomologia Generalis 16:69-81. PDF
- Seifert, B. 1992b. A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the ant subgenus Lasius s.str. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums Görlitz 66(5):1-67. PDF
- Seifert, B. 2007. Die Ameisen Mittel- und Nordeuropas. Tauer: lutra Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, 368 pp.
- Seifert, B. 2018. The ants of Central and North Europe:. Boxberg: Lutra, 407 pp.
- Seifert, B. 2020a. A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic members of the subgenus Lasius s.str. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Soil Organisms 92 (1):15-86. 10.25674/so92iss1pp15 PDF
- Smith, D. R. 1979. Superfamily Formicoidea. Pp. 1323-1467 in: Krombein, K. V.; Hurd, P. D.; Smith, D. R.; Burks, B. D. (eds.) 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. i-xvi, 1199-2209.
- Smith, F. 1851. List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Hymenoptera, Aculeata. London: British Museum, 134 pp. PDF
- Smith, F. 1855a. Essay on the genera and species of British Formicidae. [part]. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (2)3:95-112. PDF
- Smith, F. 1858a. Catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Formicidae. London: British Museum, 216 pp. PDF
- Smith, F. 1871c. A catalogue of British Hymenoptera; Aculeata. London: Entomological Society of London, viii + 44 pp.
- Smith, F. 1874b. Descriptions of new species of Tenthredinidae, Ichneumonidae, Chrysididae, Formicidae, &c. of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1874:373-409. PDF
- Smith, M. R. 1958c. Family Formicidae. Pp. 108-162 in: Krombein, K. V. (ed.) 1958. Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. Synoptic catalogue. First supplement. United States Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Monograph 2(suppl. 1):1-305. PDF
- Soudek, S. 1922b. Mravenci. Soustava, zemepisné rozsírení, oekologie a urcovací klíc mravencu zijících na území Ceskoslovenské republiky. Praha: Ceskoslovenská Spolecnost Entomologická, 100 pp. PDF
- Soudek, S. 1925b. Dalmatstí mravenci (Formicidae). Casopis Ceskoslovenské Spolecnosti Entomologické 22:12-17. PDF
- Soudek, S. 1931. Mravenci "Hádu", jizního vybezku Moravského Krasu. (Faunisticky rozbor). Zprávy Komise na Prírodovedecky Vyzkum Moravy a Slezska. Oddelení Zoologické 19:1-30. PDF
- Stärcke, A. 1926a. Determineertabel voor werkmieren uit Nederland en omliggend gebied, met inbegrip der in kassen zich voortplantende exoten. Levende Natuur 31:79-95, 117-125, 146-151. PDF
- Stärcke, A. 1944b. Retouches sur quelques fourmis d'Europe. III. Autres Lasius. Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 11:153-158. PDF
- Steiner, F. M.; Ambach, J.; Glaser, F.; Wagner, H. C.; Müller, J.; Schlick-Steiner, B. C. 2017. Checklisten der Fauna Ősterreichs, No. 9: Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Wien: Ősterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1-23.
- Stephens, J. F. 1829b. A systematic catalogue of British insects: being an attempt to arrange all the hitherto discovered indigenous insects in accordance with their natural affinities. London: Baldwin & Cradock, xxxiv + 416 + 388 pp.
- Stitz, H. 1914. Die Ameisen (Formicidae) Mitteleuropas, insbesondere Deutschlands. Pp. 1-111 in: Schröder, C. (ed.) 1914. Die Insekten Mitteleuropas insbesondere Deutschlands. Band II, Hymenopteren, 2. Teil. Stuttgart: Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, 256 pp. PDF
- Stitz, H. 1917. Ameisen aus dem westlichen Mittelmeergebiet und von den Kanarischen Inseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 8:333-353. PDF
- Stitz, H. 1934. Schwedisch-chinesische wissenschaftliche Expedition nach den nordwestlichen Provinzen Chinas, unter Leitung von Dr. Sven Hedin und Prof. Sü Ping-chang. Insekten gesammelt vom schwedischen Arzt der Expedition Dr. David Hummel 1927-1930. 25. Hymenoptera. 3. Formicidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 27A(11):1-9.
- Tang, J.; Li, S.; Huang, E.; Zhang, B.; Chen, Y. 1995. Economic insect fauna of China. Fasc. 47. Hymenoptera: Formicidae (1). [In Chinese.]. Beijing: Academy of Science Publishing House, ix + 134 pp.
- Tarbinsky, Y. S. 1976. The ants of Kirghizia. [In Russian.]. Frunze: Ilim, 217 pp. PDF
- Teranishi, C. 1932. A list of the ants of Sakhalin. [In Japanese.]. Transactions of the Kansai Entomological Society 3:49-54. PDF
- Teranishi, C. 1940. Works of Cho Teranishi. Memorial Volume. [In Japanese, English and German, in part.]. Osaka: Kansai Entomological Society, 312 + (posthumous section) 95 pp.
- Van Boven, J. K. A. 1947b. Liste de détermination des principales espèces de fourmis belges (Hymenoptera Formicidae). Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 83:163-190. PDF
- Van Boven, J. K. A. 1977. De mierenfauna van België (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Acta Zoologica et Pathologica Antverpiensia 67:1-191. PDF
- Walckenaer, C. A. 1802. Faune parisienne, insectes. Ou histoire abrégée des insectes des environs de Paris, classés d'après le système de Fabricius. Vol. 2. Paris: Dentu, 438 pp.
- Wang, M. 1992. Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Pp. 677-682 in: Huang, F. (ed.) 1992. Insects of Wuling Mountains area, southwestern China. [In Chinese.]. Beijing: Science Press, x + 777 pp.
- Ward, P. S. 2005. A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 936:1-68. PDF
- Wasmann, E. 1906. Zur Kenntniss der Ameisen und Ameisengäste von Luxemburg. Archives. Institut Grand-Ducal de Luxembourg (n.s.)1(1/2):104-124. PDF
- Wellenius, O. H. 1955. Entomologische Ergebnisse der finnländischen Kanaren-Expedition 1947-1951. No. 10. Formicidae Insularum Canariensium. Systematik, Ökologie und Verbreitung der Kanarischen Formiciden. Commentationes Biologicae 15(8):1-20. PDF
- Werner, P.; Bezděčka, P.; Bezděčková, K.; Pech, P. 2018. An updated checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Czech Republic. Acta rerum naturalium 22:5-12. PDF
- Werner, P.; Wiezik, M. 2007. Vespoidea: Formicidae (mravencovití). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae. Supplementum 11:133-164. PDF
- Wheeler, G. C.; Wheeler, J. 1953c. The ant larvae of the subfamily Formicinae. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 46:126-171. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1900c. The habits of Ponera and Stigmatomma. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole) 2:43-69. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1906h. The ants of Japan. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 22:301-328. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1906j. The ants of the Bermudas. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 22:347-352. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1908i. The ants of Casco Bay, Maine, with observations on two races of Formica sanguinea Latreille. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 24:619-645. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1916o. Questions of nomenclature connected with the ant genus Lasius and its subgenera. Psyche (Cambridge) 23:168-173. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1917a. The mountain ants of western North America. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 52:457-569. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1926a. Ants of the Balearic Islands. Folia Myrmecologica et Termitologica 1:1-6. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1927e. A few ants from China and Formosa. American Museum Novitates 259:1-4. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1927g. The ants of the Canary Islands. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 62:93-120. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1928c. Ants collected by Professor F. Silvestri in China. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 22:3-38. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1928d. Ants collected by Professor F. Silvestri in Japan and Korea. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 22:96-125. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1929g. Some ants from China and Manchuria. American Museum Novitates 361:1-11. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1929h. Ants collected by Professor F. Silvestri in Formosa, the Malay Peninsula and the Philippines. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 24:27-64. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1930k. A list of the known Chinese ants. Peking Natural History Bulletin 5:53-81. PDF
- White, W. F. 1884. Ants and their ways. With illustrations, and an appendix giving a complete list of genera and species of the British ants. London: Religious Tract Society, 279 pp. PDF
- Wilson, E. O. 1955a. A monographic revision of the ant genus Lasius. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 113:1-201. PDF
- Wu, J.; Wang, C. 1992c. Hymenoptera: Formicidae. [In Chinese.]. Pp. 1301-1320 in: Peng, J.; Liu, Y. (eds.) 1992. Iconography of forest insects in Hunan, China. Hunan: Hunan Scientific and Technical Publishing House, 1473 pp. PDF
- Wu, J.; Wang, C. 1995a. The ants of China. [In Chinese.]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, x + 214 pp.
- Yamauchi, K. 1979 ("1978"). Taxonomical and ecological studies on the ant genus Lasius in Japan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). I. Taxonomy. Science Report of the Faculty of Education, Gifu University (Natural Science) 6:147-181. PDF
- Yamauchi, K.; Hayashida, K. 1970. Taxonomic studies on the genus Lasius in Hokkaido, with ethological and ecological notes (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). II. The subgenus Lasius. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series VI. Zoology 17:501-519. PDF
- Yano, M. 1910a. On the ants of Japan. [In Japanese.]. Dobutsugaku Zasshi (Zoological Magazine) 22:416-425. PDF
- Yarrow, I. H. H. 1967. On the Formicidae of the Azores. Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal 21:24-32. PDF
- Yensen, N. P.; Clark, W. H.; Francoeur, A. 1977. A checklist of Idaho ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 53:181-187. PDF
- Zhang, W.; Zheng, Z.-M. 2002. Studies of ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) fauna in Sichuan Province. [In Chinese.]. Entomotaxonomia 24:216-222. PDF
- Zimmermann, S. 1935 ("1934"). Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ameisenfauna Süddalmatiens. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 84:1-65. PDF
- Zryanin, V. A.; Zryanina, T. A. 2007. Novye dannye o faune murav’ev Srednego Povolzh’ya. Uspekhi Sovremennoj Biologii 127:226-240. PDF
Extant: 1 valid subspecies
More statistics