Formica subaenescens - AntCat

An Online Catalog of the Ants of the World by Barry Bolton

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Formica subaenescens Emery, 1893 valid

Formica fusca var. subaenescens Emery, 1893k: 659 (w.) U.S.A. (South Dakota). Nearctic.

Primary type information: Primary type material: lectotype worker (by designation of Francoeur, 1973: 189). Primary type locality: lectotype U.S.A.: South Dakota (T. Pergande) (invalid restriction of type locality by Wheeler, 1913i: 504; no lectotype designated). Primary type depository: MSNG. Secondary type information: Secondary type material: paralectotype workers (number not stated). Secondary type locality: same as for lectotype. Secondary type depository: MSNG. Type notes: Other original syntype locality: U.S.A. Connecticut (no collector’s name).

Lectotype designation: Francoeur, 1973: 189.
[Misspelled as subaeneus by Menozzi, 1932b: 312.]
Wheeler, 1913i: 504 (q.m.)
As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Wheeler, 1913i: 504; Emery, 1925d: 248; Menozzi, 1932b: 312.
Subspecies of Formica fusca: Wheeler, 1900c: 47; Forel, 1902k: 699; Forel, 1904b: 153; Wheeler, 1905j: 401; Wheeler, 1906g: 20; Wheeler, 1910a: 570; Santschi, 1911d: 7; Wheeler, 1913i: 399 (in key); Wheeler, 1916r: 599; Wheeler, 1917a: 546; Cole, 1936a: 37; Cole, 1937b: 137; Dennis, 1938: 300; Wing, 1939: 165; Cole, 1942: 382; Buren, 1944a: 300; Wheeler & Wheeler, 1944: 261; Smith, 1951c: 865.
Junior synonym of Formica fusca: Creighton, 1950a: 532; Smith, 1958c: 155; Francoeur, 1973: 189; Smith, 1979: 1451; Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986g: 16.
Status as species: Francoeur, 1977b: 208; Yensen et al., 1977: 185; Bolton, 1995b: 204; Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 371; Ellison et al., 2012: 173; Schär et al., 2018: 6.
Senior synonym of Formica marcida: Schär et al., 2018: 6.

Junior synonyms

Formica marcida Wheeler, 1913
Obsolete combination(s): Formica fusca marcida

Obsolete combinations

Formica fusca subaenescens

Citations

Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp.
Buren, W. F. 1944a. A list of Iowa ants. Iowa State College Journal of Science 18:277-312. PDF
Cole, A. C., Jr. 1936a. An annotated list of the ants of Idaho (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Canadian Entomologist 68:34-39. PDF
Cole, A. C., Jr. 1937b. An annotated list of the ants of Arizona (Hym.: Formicidae). [concl.]. Entomological News 48:134-140. PDF
Cole, A. C., Jr. 1942. The ants of Utah. American Midland Naturalist 28:358-388. PDF
Creighton, W. S. 1950a. The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 104:1-585. PDF
Dennis, C. A. 1938. The distribution of ant species in Tennessee with reference to ecological factors. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 31:267-308. PDF
Ellison, A. M.; Gotelli, N. J.; Farnsworth, E. J.; Alpert, G. D. 2012. A field guide to the ants of New England. New Haven: Yale University Press, xv + 398 pp.
Emery, C. 1893k. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 7:633-682. PDF
Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183:1-302. PDF
Forel, A. 1902k. Descriptions of some ants from the Rocky Mountains of Canada (Alberta and British Columbia), collected by Edward Whymper. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1902:699-700. PDF
Forel, A. 1904b. Fourmis de British Columbia récoltées par M. Ed. Whymper. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 48:152-155. PDF
Francoeur, A. 1973. Révision taxonomique des espèces néarctiques du groupe fusca, genre Formica (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). Mémoires de la Société Entomologique du Québec 3:1-316. PDF
Francoeur, A. 1977b. Synopsis taxonomique et économique des fourmis du Québec (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). Annales de la Société Entomologique du Québec 22:205-212. PDF
Mackay, W.; Mackay, E. 2002. The ants of New Mexico (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 400 pp. PDF
Menozzi, C. 1932b. Formiche del Nord America raccolte dal Prof. F. Silvestri. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 26:310-312. PDF
Santschi, F. 1911d ("1909"). Formicides récoltés par Mr. le Prof. F. Silvestri aux Etats Unis en 1908. Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 41:3-7. PDF
Schär, S.; Talavera, G.; Espadaler, X.; Rana, J. D.; Andersen, A. A.; Cover, S. P.; Vila, R. 2018. Do Holarctic ant species exist? Trans-Beringian dispersal and homoplasy in the Formicidae. Journal of Biogeography 00:1-12. 10.1111/jbi.13380 PDF
Smith, D. R. 1979. Superfamily Formicoidea. Pp. 1323-1467 in: Krombein, K. V.; Hurd, P. D.; Smith, D. R.; Burks, B. D. (eds.) 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. i-xvi, 1199-2209.
Smith, M. R. 1951c. Family Formicidae. Pp. 778-875 in: Muesebeck, C. F. W.; Krombein, K. V.; Townes, H. K. (eds.) 1951. Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. Synoptic catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Monograph 2:1-1420. PDF
Smith, M. R. 1958c. Family Formicidae. Pp. 108-162 in: Krombein, K. V. (ed.) 1958. Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. Synoptic catalogue. First supplement. United States Department of Agriculture. Agriculture Monograph 2(suppl. 1):1-305. PDF
Wheeler, G. C.; Wheeler, E. W. 1944. The ants of North Dakota. North Dakota Historical Quarterly 11:231-271. PDF
Wheeler, G. C.; Wheeler, J. 1986g. The ants of Nevada. Los Angeles: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, vii + 138 pp. PDF
Wheeler, W. M. 1900c. The habits of Ponera and Stigmatomma. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole) 2:43-69. PDF
Wheeler, W. M. 1905j. An annotated list of the ants of New Jersey. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 21:371-403. PDF
Wheeler, W. M. 1906g. Fauna of New England. 7. List of the Formicidae. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History 7:1-24. PDF
Wheeler, W. M. 1910a. Ants: their structure, development and behavior. New York: Columbia University Press, xxv + 663 pp. PDF
Wheeler, W. M. 1913i. A revision of the ants of the genus Formica (Linné) Mayr. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 53:379-565. PDF
Wheeler, W. M. 1916r. Formicoidea. Formicidae. Pp. 577-601 in: Viereck, H. L. 1916. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part III. The Hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey. Bulletin 22:1-824.
Wheeler, W. M. 1917a. The mountain ants of western North America. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 52:457-569. PDF
Wing, M. W. 1939. An annotated list of the ants of Maine (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomological News 50:161-165. PDF
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Formicidae subfamilies Formicinae tribes Formicini genera Formica species